Microtubules (MTs) are substrates upon which plusand minus-end directed motors control the directional movement of cargos that are essential for generating cell polarity. Although centrosomal MTs are organized with plus-ends away from the MT organizing center, the regulation of non-centrosomal MT polarity is poorly understood. Increasing evidence supports the model that directional information ...

The broad host-range plasmid RSF1010 contains two oppositely oriented priming signals, ssiA and ssiB, for DNA synthesis dependent on the origin of vegetative DNA replication (oriV). If either ssiA or ssiB was deleted or inverted, the RSF1010 miniplasmids containing engineered oriVs were maintained at low copy numbers, replicated abnormally as dimers, and accumulated specific single strands in t...

We describe the spatiotemporal expression pattern of Nesp, and its antisense transcript, Nespas. We found non-complementary expression of these two oppositely imprinted transcripts during mouse embryogenesis, in a number of forming embryonic structures. Nesp expression was primarily seen in the somites and vasculature, whereas Nespas was mainly detected in the progress zone, mesenchyme and ecto...

CsgD and cyclic-3',5'-di-guanylate are key regulators of biofilm formation in Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium. Our results show that polynucleotide phosphorylase and NlpI oppositely altered expression of CsgD. Polynucleotide phosphorylase and NlpI also had opposite effects on the expression of yjcC, which codes for a cyclic-3',5'-di-guanylate phosphodiesterase affecting CsgD expression.

Wake patterns due to a uniformly traveling source are result of the resonant emission medium's collective excitations. When there exists frequency range where such excitations possess negative group velocity, their interference leads wake pattern resembling Kelvin ship wake: while "transverse" and "divergent" wavefronts trailing source, they oriented oppositely Kelvin's. This is illustrated by ...