We derive cosmological constraints on the masses of generic scalar fields which decay only through gravitationally suppressed interactions into unstable gravitinos and ordinary particles in the supersymmetric standard model. For the gravitino mass 100GeV-1TeV, the scalar masses should be larger than 100TeV to keep the success of big-bang nucleosynthesis if no late-time entropy production dilute...

This work considers the use of wind turbines for stabilizing an electrical grid, by employing temporary overproduction with respect to available power. We present a simple model describing a turbine, and show how the possible period of overproduction, can be maximized through a series of convex problems, where the load is distributed among several turbines in a farm. We then present an optimiza...

AIM The ultimate aim is to elucidate the molecular mechanisms for glutamate overproduction by Corynebacterium glutamicum. METHODS AND RESULTS Gene expression in response to the conditions inducing glutamate overproduction was investigated by using a DNA microarray technique. Most genes involved in the EMP pathway, the PPP, and the TCA cycle were downregulated, while five genes that were highl...

The CYC7-1 mutation in the yeast Saccharomyces cereuisiae causes the production of approximately 30 times the normal amount of iso-2-cytochrome c. Genetic analysis established that the CYC7-I mutation is a reciprocal translocation involving the left arm of chromosome V and the right arm of chromosome XVZ. The chromosome V arm was broken adjacent to the gene CYC7, which determines the primary st...

In this study, we analyzed the mechanisms of multiresistance for 22 clinical multiresistant and clonally different Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains from Germany. Twelve and 10 strains originated from cystic fibrosis (CF) and non-CF patients, respectively. Overproduction of the efflux systems MexAB-OprM, MexCD-OprJ, MexEF-OprN, and MexXY-OprM was studied. Furthermore, loss of OprD, alterations in ...

Overproduction or deficiency of many chaperones and other cellular components cure the yeast prions [PSI+] (formed by Sup35p) or [URE3] (based on Ure2p). However, at normal expression levels, Btn2p and Cur1p eliminate most newly arising [URE3] variants but do not cure [PSI+], even after overexpression. Deficiency or overproduction of Hsp104 cures the [PSI+] prion. Hsp104 deficiency curing is a ...