Cluster analysis is the assignment of observations into clusters so that observations in the same cluster are similar in some sense, and many clustering methods have been developed. However, these methods cannot be applied to family data, which possess intrinsic familial structure. To take the familial structure into account, we propose a form of penalized cluster analysis with a tuning paramet...

Introduction Different types of data are generally available for empirical analysis, namely, time series, cross section, and panel. A data set containing observations on a single phenomenon observed over multiple time periods is called time series (e.g., GDP for several quarters or years). In time series data, both the values and the ordering of the data points have meaning. In cross-section da...