BACKGROUND We sought to investigate the impact of the duration of second stage of labor on risk of severe perineal lacerations (third and fourth degree). METHODS This population based cohort study was conducted in the Stockholm/Gotland region, Sweden, 2008-2014. Study population included 52 211 primiparous women undergoing vaginal delivery with cephalic presentation at term. Unconditional log...

Perineal laceration is trauma to the perineum due tearing of birth canal or an episiotomy at time expulsion fetus from uterus. One causes infection and bleeding perineal laceration. Old wound healing can increase risk so it necessary fulfill nutritional intake, especially protein which will help growth new cells in that process be accelerated. This study aims determine whether administration bo...

Many studies have been undertaken with the purpose of contributing towards the prevention of perineal trauma in normal birth. The objective of this study was to relate height of the perineum, duration of the second stage of labor, variation of the position of the head detaching, kind of effort, presence of the umbilical cord around the babies' neck, birth weight and vulva's ardor to urinate wit...

OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to identify risk factors that are associated with the breakdown of perineal laceration repair in the postpartum period. STUDY DESIGN We conducted a retrospective, case-control study to review perineal laceration repair breakdown in patients who were delivered between September 1995 and February 2005 at the University of Michigan. Bivariate analysis with...

Perineal rupture is one of the causes bleeding, which occurs because perineum not strong enough to withstand stretch when fetus passes. The purpose this study was determine effect birth attendants on incidence spontaneous perineal in second stage labour. research method used observation where conducted without intervening subjects. population were all midwives who assisted spot deliveries at As...