Background: In vitro fertilization (IVF) is a four-stage procedure, ovarian stimulation and monitoring, oocyte retrieval, embryo transfer. Transvaginal ultrasound–guided follicle aspiration the most common method for retrieval in assisted reproductive technologies, it increasingly performed as an outside procedure. Objective: To compare between general Anesthesia Conscious Sedation according to...

Abstract In the context of «reassessing relationship between explanation and phenomenology», paper discusses question in what ways Husserlian phenomenology as a descriptive science consciousness has an explanatory potential studies. It takes very limited approach to wide-ranging themes that may come mind on this topic. At center is exploration explanandum its own right, building Husserl's refle...

The electroretinogram (ERG, retina) and visual evoked potential (VEP, brain) are widely used in vivo tools assaying the integrity of the visual pathway. Current recordings in preclinical models are conducted under anesthesia, which alters neural physiology and contaminates responses. We describe a conscious wireless ERG and VEP recording platform in rats. Using a novel surgical technique to chr...

Frontotemporal lobar degeneration (FTLD) is a neurodegenerative disease that dramatically alters social and emotional behavior. Recent work has suggested that self-conscious emotions (e.g., embarrassment) may be particularly vulnerable to disruption in this disease. Self-conscious emotions require the ability to monitor the self in relation to others. These abilities are thought to be subserved...

Sleep researchers in different disciplines disagree about how fully dreaming can be explained in terms of brain physiology. Debate has focused on whether REM sleep dreaming is qualitatively different from nonREM (NREM) sleep and waking. A review of psychophysiological studies shows clear quantitative differences between REM and NREM mentation and between REM and waking mentation. Recent neuroim...

This article examines the legal implications linked to recent scientific research on human consciousness. The article contends that groundbreaking revelations about consciousness expose the frailties of the criminal law's traditional dual dichotomies of conscious versus unconscious thought processes and voluntary versus involuntary acts. These binary doctrines have no valid scientific foundatio...