BACKGROUND Peroxynitrite, a product of the reaction of superoxide with nitric oxide, causes oxidative stress with concomitant inactivation of enzymes, poly(ADP-ribosylation), mitochondrial dysfunction and impaired stress signalling, as well as protein nitration. In this study, we sought to determine the effect of preventing protein nitration or increasing peroxynitrite decomposition on diabetic...

Most information on the aetiology of experimental diabetic neuropathy comes from studies on rodent models, particularly the streptozotocin-diabetic rat. The major factor that impairs small and large nerve fibre function is a decrease in nerve and ganglion perfusion. This leads to reduced conduction velocity, increased resistance to ischaemic conduction failure, blunted regenerative capacity, pa...

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is an idiopathic, chronic condition in which tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) is thought to play a role [1]. Infliximab (IFX) is a chimeric anti-tumor necrosis factor monoclonal antibody that has a potent anti-inflammatory effect [2]. IFX is currently used as a treatment for severe active cases of IBD in both Crohn’s disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC) t...

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is an idiopathic, chronic condition in which tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) is thought to play a role [1]. Infliximab (IFX) is a chimeric anti-tumor necrosis factor monoclonal antibody that has a potent anti-inflammatory effect [2]. IFX is currently used as a treatment for severe active cases of IBD in both Crohn’s disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC) t...

Evidence for the important role of the potent oxidant peroxynitrite in peripheral diabetic neuropathy and neuropathic pain is emerging. This study evaluated the contribution of neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS) to diabetes-induced nitrosative stress in peripheral nerve and dorsal root ganglia, and peripheral nerve dysfunction and degeneration. Control and nNOS-/- mice were made diabetic wit...

Background: Guillain-Barré syndrome is an autoimmune inflammatory disease, which manifests itself as an acute motor weakness of the organs, diagnosed as affecting the motor spinal nerve roots generally and causing muscle and motor weakness, the cause of this disease is the presence of active antibodies against the myelin sheath around the spinal nerve roots. Guillain-Barré syndrome is the most ...

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