today, there are a few dozens of historical index houses in the city sabzevar. reviews show that up until now, despite the presence of their special characteristics, variety and role, there have not been comprehensive studies about them but through the presence of valuable samples from various historical periods (teymouri, safavid, qajar, pahlavi), their exposure to destruction through changing...

mosques always during the islamic period have been as a particular species manifestation of taste and skill of real artists, and like a large canvas have displayed the set of popular arts in any period. in the meantime, stone , despite the difficulty in extracting and cutting, not abandoned ,and at  beginning of the qajar dynasty, trimmer of  this period  following the order and recommend of ma...

contrary to other jewish communities of iran, kashan’s jewish community has undergone positive social and political developments during qajar period. although they could never enjoy equal social privileges as citizens, in comparison to other iranian jews and comparing the safavid period, they made considerable achievements in social relationships and political experience. the present research f...

qajar period is recognized as a time of significant changes in persian arts. perhaps the most obvious change was the influence of european arts especially on architecture, painting as well as pottery. however after safavid period as to several inside and outside factors, amongst them vast importation of porcelain wares, iran was faced with stagnation of pottery’s art but this doesn’t mean the a...