As part of a large-scale project, the current qualitative study investigated the possible contribution of a consciousness-raising interactive workshop (as a form of professional development activity) to 30) 22 female and 8 male) Iranian EFL teachers’ professional identity construction. Thirty Iranian EFL teachers were asked to write two reflective journals (one individually and one collectively...

this study examines the efficiency of pedagogical intervention in raising l2 pragmatic awareness of the iranian efl learners. more specifically, it seeks to investigate the difference between explicit and implicit instructions in improving pragmatic appropriateness of the english refusals by adult persian native speakers in an efl classroom context. fifty-four participants, with approximately t...

From the inception of campaign planning, the Managers’ strategy was to attain the $11,617,673 goal through securing a combination of public and private funding as well as through the sale of Historic Tax Credits and paintings unrelated to the Library’s mission. As private fund raising quietly progressed during the Major Gifts Phase, other significant revenue development activities were also und...

global forum for non-governmental development organisations (NGDOs) and a wide range of other partners to share information and approaches on the elimination, prevention and control of neglected tropical diseases (NTDs). The primary mission of the network is to coordinate the activities of members in an attempt to bridge gaps in funding and programme support to endemic countries. The NTD NGDO N...

To transform donations "in kind" into cash, charities of all sizes use auctions and raffles. Despite this, neither the theory nor the practice of efficient fund-raising and, in particular, charity auctions has received sufficient attention from economists, especially the fact that participation in fundraisers is endogenous. We describe, in detail, the design and implementation of an experiment ...

While some donors boast about their giving, others give anonymously. A novel feature of this paper is that anonymity is endogenously controlled by donors themselves, not exogenously controlled by fundraisers. Is anonymous giving really a virtue, as is generally recognised? Paradoxically, this paper proves that anonymity is a vice for fundraisers even if it is what donors desire. If many altruis...

An analysis of online charity donations reveals that, when males make large donations to attractive female fundraisers, other males respond in kind, providing field evidence for 'competitive altruism' in which helpful acts are used as a display to attract partners.

Fundraisers often start their campaigns by soliciting the wealthier, more recognized, and respected individuals in a community. We examine whether the success of this solicitation ordering in part can be attributed to the fact that it enables individuals to select organizations that have a highstatus donor base. Assuming that individuals prefer to associate with individuals of higher social ran...