Page Ranking is an important component for information retrieval system. It is used to measure the importance and behavior of web pages. We review two approaches for ranking: HITS concept and Page Rank method. Both approaches focus on the link structure of the Web to find the importance of the Web pages. The Page Rank algorithm calculates the rank of individual web page and Hypertext Induced To...

Index-based approaches are widely employed for measuring flood vulnerability. Nevertheless, the uncertainties in index construction rarely considered. Here, we conducted a sensitivity analysis of vulnerability Maquiné Basin, Southern Brazil, considering distinct normalization, aggregation, classification methods, and their effects on model outputs. The robustness results was investigated by Spe...

Rank aggregation is a pervading operation in IR technology. We hypothesize that the performance of score-based aggregation may be affected by artificial, usually meaningless deviations consistently occurring in the input score distributions, which distort the combined result when the individual biases differ from each other. We propose a score-based rank aggregation model where the source score...

It is customary to formulate the inequalities of the "Verzerrungssatz" type for analytic functions w—f(z), schlicht in the unit circle, with reference to a specific normalization. The two normalizations mainly used are: (a) f(z) is finite in \z\ < 1 , /(O) = 0 , /'(O) = 1; (b) ƒ(z) has a pole at 2 = 0 with the residue 1. If we want to obtain inequalities which are independent of any particular ...

In this article, we formalize a torsion Z-module and a torsionfree Z-module. Especially, we prove formally that finitely generated torsion-free Z-modules are finite rank free. We also formalize properties related to rank of finite rank free Z-modules. The notion of Z-module is necessary for solving lattice problems, LLL (Lenstra, Lenstra, and Lovász) base reduction algorithm [20], cryptographic...

In this article, we formalize a torsion Z-module and a torsionfree Z-module. Especially, we prove formally that finitely generated torsion-free Z-modules are finite rank free. We also formalize properties related to rank of finite rank free Z-modules. The notion of Z-module is necessary for solving lattice problems, LLL (Lenstra, Lenstra, and Lovász) base reduction algorithm [20], cryptographic...

As we know that the normalization is a pre-processing stage of any type problem statement. Especially normalization takes important role in the field of soft computing, cloud computing etc. for manipulation of data like scale down or scale up the range of data before it becomes used for further stage. There are so many normalization techniques are there namely Min-Max normalization, Z-score nor...

One of the most important steps in teaching English is teaching its alphabet to the learners. Implementing the best method will highly help teachers to achieve acceptable results in helping students to read better and faster. Two basic methods are frequently used by Iranian educators. Some start by the name of the letters and introduce the sounds that they symbolize later, while others are thos...