objective(s): pharmaceutical industries are leading to improved medications that can target diseases more effectively and precisely. researchers have intended to reformulate drugs so that they may be more safely used in human body. the more targeted a drug is, the lower its chance of triggering drug resistance, a cautionary concern surrounding the use of broad-spectrum antibiotics. the aim of t...

HIV-1 Rev protein regulates the expression of HIV-1 transcripts by binding to a highly structured stem loop structure called the Rev Responsive Element (RRE) present in the genomic and partially spliced RNAs. Genetic variation in this structure is likely to affect binding of Rev protein and ultimately overall gene expression and replication. We characterized RRE sequences from 13 HIV-1 infected...

A facile strategy of stepwise molding of a ribonucleopeptide (RNP) complex affords fluorescent RNP sensors with selective dopamine recognition. In vitro selection of a RNA-derived RNP library, a complex of the Rev peptide and its binding site Rev Responsive Element (RRE) RNA appended with random nucleotides in variable lengths, afforded RNP receptors specific for dopamine. The modular structure...

objective(s): nowadays hydrogels are one of the upcoming classes of polymer-based controlled-release drug delivery systems. temperature and ph-responsive delivery systems have drawn much attention because some diseases reveal themselves by a change in temperature and/or ph. the objective of this work is to prepare and characterize composite membrane using responsive nanoparticles into a polymer...

Dopa responsive dystonia (DRD) is a dystonic syndrome of childhood, usually affecting gait and subsequently developing into parkinsonism with a dramatic therapeutic response to levodopa. At the best of our recollection this is the first case in Iranian medical literature of a 13 year old boy, affected by this interesting, rare and treatable disease which can be easily diagnosed if clinicia...

Background: Few methods have been introduced to assess the level of consciousness in critically-ill patients. This study was designed to evaluate how the AlertVerbalPainfulUnresponsive (AVPU) responsive scale corresponds with the Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) and Richmond Agitation-Sedation Scale (RASS) scores in drug-poisoned patients and to devise an augmented AVPU scale. Methods: In this prospect...

Admiration for environment in general needs to be profoundly rooted in an understanding of History. Urban history is unique not only in the fact that it reflects climate but also in that it cuts across many different fields. In most schools of urban studies many aspects of science and technology are taught with relation to design in order to attain skills for practice. During a student’s later ...