Earthworms mix soil layers and incorporate organic matter into the soil. This mixing allows the dispersion of the organic matter through the soil and makes the nutrients held in it available to plants and improves the fertility of the soil. Earthworms when present improve the soil physical, chemical and biological properties and acts as soil conditioner. They do so by fragmentation, aeration, b...

AIM Application of organic materials into agricultural systems enhances plant growth and yields, and improves soil fertility and structure. This study aimed to examine the effects of "compost extract (CE)", a soil conditioner, and bio-organic manure (BOM) on the growth of lucerne (Medicago sativa), and compare the efficiency between BOM (including numbers of microorganisms) and CE (including no...

In present study Bacillus laterosporus isolated from a commercial formulation showed larvicidal activity against second instar larvae of Aedies aegypti, Anophles stephense and Culex qunquefasciatus. The % mortality without heat treatment was 37.34 against Anophles and 18.67 against Culex. The toxin was heat stable and its toxicity increased with inoculum size and incubation time. The study reve...

This study examined the sensitivities of the neuronal responses in the inferior colliculus (IC) to the interaural phase difference (IPD) of a preceding tone, and explored its implications in the neural-population representation of the IPD. Single-unit responses were recorded from the IC of anesthetized gerbils. The stimulus was a dichotic tone sequence with a common frequency (typically the uni...

This paper proposes a novel nine switch converter based integrated power conditioner in place of conventional twelve switch converter based power conditioner for improving power quality. Space vector modulation scheme is proposed for producing gating signals for nine switch converter. In the proposed integrated power conditioner the nine-switch converter replaces shunt and series converters fou...

PURPOSE The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of two different metal conditioners for non-precious metal alloys for the bonding of porcelain to a cobalt-chromium (Co-Cr) alloy. MATERIALS AND METHODS Disk-shaped specimens (2.5×10.0 mm) were cast with Co-Cr alloy and used as adherend materials. The bonding surfaces were polished with a 600-grid silicon carbide paper and airborn...

Utilization of sewage sludge on land is an appealing sludge disposal method. The reasons are not just because of the environmental and economic constraints associated with other disposal methods such as incineration and landfilling, but also because the sludge is beneficial both as a soil conditioner and as a fertilizer [1,2]. However, the major limitation with land application of sewage sludge...

Panchagavya is an ancient traditional agricultural knowledge in Indian farming, where farmers were used crops from decades, It completely cow based products combination of five ingredients majorly Cow's dung, urine, milk, ghee and curd, instead these other like jaggery, coconut water, ripped bananas also to boosting its role. In agriculture, acts as a soil health improver by providing nutrients...