Spelling pronunciations are hypothesized to be helpful in building up relatively stable phonologically underpinned orthographic representations, particularly for learning words with irregular phoneme-grapheme correspondences. In a four-week computer-based training, the efficacy of spelling pronunciations and previewing the spelling patterns on learning to spell loan words in Dutch, originating ...

The present fMRI study used a spelling task to investigate the hypothesis that the left ventral occipitotemporal cortex (vOT) hosts neuronal representations of whole written words. Such an orthographic word lexicon is posited by cognitive dual-route theories of reading and spelling. In the scanner, participants performed a spelling task in which they had to indicate if a visually presented lett...

Spelling speech recognition can be applied for several purposes including enhancement of speech recognition systems and implementation of name retrieval systems. This paper presents an approach to construct three recognizers for the three commonlyused Thai spelling methods based on hidden Markov models (HMMs). The Thai phonetic characteristics, alphabet system and spelling methods are analyzed....

This study evaluates spelling errors in the three subtypes of primary progressive aphasia (PPA): agrammatic (PPA-G), logopenic (PPA-L), and semantic (PPA-S). Forty-one PPA patients and 36 age-matched healthy controls were administered a test of spelling. The total number of errors and types of errors in spelling to dictation of regular words, exception words and nonwords, were recorded. Error t...

In this study, two nonword spelling and two orthographic awareness experiments were used to examine people’s production and awareness of sound–spelling relationships. The results of the nonword spelling experiments suggest that, in general, people use phoneme–grapheme sized relationships when spelling nonwords. Alternatively, the results of the orthographic awareness experiments suggest that, u...

BCI is one of the most intriguing technologies among other HCI systems, mostly because of its capability of recording brain activities. Spelling BCIs, which help paralyzed people to maintain communication, are one of the striking topics in the field of BCI. In this scientific a spelling BCI system with high transfer rate and accuracy that uses SSVEP signals is proposed.In addition, we suggested...

Most models of spelling assume that people rely on two procedures when engaging in spelling: a lexical look-up procedure that retrieves spellings in their entirety, and a nonlexical procedure that constructs spellings with a set of phoneme-grapheme rules. In the present research, we investigated whether larger sized subsyllabic relationships also play a role in spelling, and how they compare to...

Young and older adults’ ability to retrieve the spellings of highand low-frequency words was assessed via tests of spelling recognition and production. One of the spelling production tests required participants to write down the correct spellings of auditorily presented words, and accuracy was used to categorize participants in both age groups as good or poor spellers. The results showed that i...