This paper describes a unique single camera-based dimensional measurement with a self-calibration method of image-based measurement. The system has been designed and implemented in one of the integrated steel plants in India. The purpose of the system is to obtain the frontal cross-sectional area of an ingot irrespective of its distance from the camera head. Automatic calibration is achieved by...

This paper introduces a method for estimating the shape of the solidification front along the height of a directionally-solidified multicrystalline silicon ingot. The technique uses net dopant density images, obtained on wafers via photoluminescence imaging under surface limited conditions, after the impact of grain boundaries is eliminated through an image processing procedure. By modeling the...

The concentrations of transition-metal impurities in a photovoltaic-grade multicrystalline silicon ingot have been measured by neutron activation analysis. The results show that the concentrations of Fe, Co, and Cu are determined by segregation from the liquid-to-solid phase in the central regions of the ingot. This produces high concentrations near the top of the ingot, which subsequently diff...

20Mn5 steel is widely used in the manufacture of heavy hydro-generator shaft forging due to its strength, toughness, and wear resistance. However, the hot deformation and recrystallization behaviors of 20Mn5 steel compressed under a high temperature were not studied. For this article, hot compression experiments under temperatures of 850-1200 °C and strain rates of 0.01 s-1-1 s-1 were conducted...

In the present work, heat transfer coefficients (h) along different cooling zones of a continuous caster billet machine were determined during casting of low and medium carbon steels. The effects of casting parameters, such as machine characteristics, the ingot dimension, mold, sprays zones, radiant cooling, melt composition and casting temperature were investigated and correlated with heat tra...

usd7 is one of the steel products of isfahan steel company. it is cast in continuous casting moulds and rolled up to a rod of 5 mm diameter. finally, it is wire drawn up to 3 mm and used as welding electrodes. this steel contains 0.05 to 0.09 wt. % carbon. the acceptable limit of the aluminium in this class of steel is less than 0.003 wt%. therefore, it is categorized as rimmed steel. during fo...