A flow invariant in quantum field theory is a quantity that does not depend on the flow connecting the UV and IR conformal fixed points. We study the flow invariance of the most general sum rule with correlators of the trace Θ of the stress tensor. In even (four and six) dimensions we recover the results known from the gravitational embedding. We derive the sum rules for the trace anomalies a a...

In this study, a simple travel time-based runoff model was proposed to simulate a runoff hydrograph on soil surfaces with different microtopographies. Three main parameters, i.e., rainfall intensity (I), mean flow velocity (vm) and ponding time of depression (tp), were inputted into this model. The soil surface was divided into numerous grid cells, and the flow length of each grid cell (li) was...

We show that the periodic orbit sums for two-dimensional billiards satisfy an infinity of exact sum rules. We demonstrate their utility by using the flow conservation sum rule to accelerate the convergence of cycle expansions for the overlapping three-disc billiard. The effectiveness of the approach is studied by applying the method on averages, known explicitly by other sum rules. The method i...

this paper investigates the problem of just-in-time permutation flow shop scheduling with limited buffers and linear job deterioration in an uncertain environment. the fuzzy set theory is applied to describe this situation. a novel mixed-integer nonlinear program is presented to minimize the weighted sum of fuzzy earliness and tardiness penalties. due to the computational complexities, the prop...

The flow construct has recently been proposed as essential to understanding consumer navigation behavior in online environments. We review definitions and models of flow, and describe an empirical study which measures flow in terms of respondents’ skills and challenges for using the World Wide Web. Skills and challenges are shown to correlate in anticipated ways with scales measuring constructs...

We consider the problem of dynamic ow control of arriving packets into an innnite buuer. The service rate may depend on the state of the system, may change in time and is unknown to the controller. The goal of the controller is to design an eecient policy which guarantees the best performance under the worst service conditions. The cost is composed of a holding cost, a cost for rejecting custom...