The influence of the adrenergic system on the population of ventricular myosin isoenzymes under physiological conditions was assessed by subjection of normotensive and spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) to different types of physical exercise that increased the activity of the peripheral adrenergic system to varying degrees. The routines, which were 5-6 weeks in duration, involved the mild e...

OBJECTIVES To examine the effects of running and swimming exercises on the functional performance and mechanical strength of a recovering Achilles tendon. METHODS 30 Sprague-Dawley rats had surgical transection of their right medial Achilles tendon. The rats were divided into running (n = 11), swimming (n = 10), and control (n = 9) groups. The running and swimming groups were given daily exer...

OBJECTIVES To investigate the effects of different swimming intensities on subsequent cycling and overall triathlon performance. METHODS Nine highly trained, male triathletes completed five separate laboratory sessions comprising one graded exercise test, a swim time trial (STT), and three sprint distance triathlons (TRI). The swimming velocities of the three TRI sessions were 80-85% (S80), 9...

Growing bones are most responsive to mechanical loading. We investigated bone mass acquisition patterns following a swimming or running exercise intervention of equal duration, in growing rats. We compared changes in bone mineral properties in female Sprague Dawley rats that were divided into three groups: sedentary controls (n = 10), runners (n = 8) and swimmers (n = 11). Runners and swimmers ...

background: overexpression of lectin-like low density lipoprotein (lox-1) receptor plays an important role in hyperglycemia-induced vascular complications such as atherosclerosis. based on the beneficial effects of exercise on preventing cardiovascular complications of diabetes, we aimed to examine the protective effects of aerobic exercise on expression of lox-1 receptor and production of free...

We investigated the nation related participation and performance trends in triathletes competing in 'Norseman Xtreme Triathlon' between 2006 and 2014 using mixed models, one-way analysis of variance and multi-variate regression analyses. A total of 1594 athletes (139 women and 1455 men) originating from 34 different countries finished the race. Most of the athletes originated from Norway, Germa...

purpose the aims of the present study were to investigate (i) the changes in participation and performance and (ii) the gender difference in triple iron ultra-triathlon (11.4 km swimming, 540 km cycling and 126.6 km running) across years from 1988 to 2011. methods for the cross-sectional data analysis, the association between with overall race times and split times was investigated using simple...