During August–September 2012, we sampled six hydropower reservoirs in southeastern United States for CO2 and CH4 emissions via three pathways: diffusive emissions from water surface; ebullition in the water column; and losses from dam tailwaters during power generation. Estimates of average areal emission rates of CO2 attributable to the six reservoirs (i.e., reservoir plus tailwater emissions)...

The organophosphate (OP) insecticides diazinon and chlorpyrifos have been frequently detected in the San Joaquin River, California, USA. Irrigation tail waters are a significant source of OP pesticides in the watershed. This study tested several management practices for reducing offsite movement of chlorpyrifos to surface water from flood irrigated alfalfa. Management practices evaluated includ...

Megathrust earthquakes cause tsunamis that can destroy coastal structures and damage buildings, resulting in injuries deaths. To prevent these consequences reduce the risk of failure structures, it is essential to understand exact mechanism structure failure. Sub-nappe air cavity pressure during overflow a vertical structure, which main topic this research, increase but had not yet been quantif...

During non-generation periods, leakage through the wicket gates of a hydroturbine often results in very poor quality water (low or zero dissolved oxygen) in the tailrace of the hydropower facility. Generally, the leakage rate is relatively small, usually about 5-10 cfs per turbine. A bottom-mounted diffuser system was designed based on laboratory-measured and manufacturer-supplied specification...

Abstract The hydraulic performance of stilling basins is affected by their size and geometry. Taunsa Barrage, Pakistan, was constructed in 1958 remodelled 2008. In remodelling, baffle friction blocks were replaced chute dentated sill. After sounding, probing data during 2010–2014 revealed that flexible apron front some bays washed away. This study quantified parameters such as free surface, flo...

—Eighty-three paddlefish Polyodon spathula that were collected from 1995 to 1999 from the Missouri River Galvins Point Dam tailwater were analyzed for genetic variation in the mitochondrial DNA d-loop region. Additional samples from Montana, South Dakota, and Louisiana were used for comparative purposes. To facilitate the efficient analysis of numerous paddlefish samples, we applied a method th...