infertility is one of the health problems that will have a negative impact on the individual, social and economic and is seen in 10-15% of couples (1). about 40 % of the issues involved with infertility are due to the man. male sperm cells count nowadays has decreased dramatically in comparison with those who lived 50 years ago (2). causes of infertility in men are included: oligozoospermia, im...

amniotic epithelial cells (aecs) possess unique characteristics, which make them a suitable source for cell-based therapeutic strategies. aecs have stem cell properties with low-immunogenicity (due to expressing hla-g molecule and absence of mhc class i and ii antigens) and no ethical problems, as well as availability in sufficient numbers, which can be obtained from a placenta. we have recentl...

Myotis nigricans is a species of vespertilionid bat, whose males show two periods of total testicular regression within the same annual reproductive cycle in the northwest São Paulo State, Brazil. Studies have demonstrated that its epididymis has an elongation of the caudal portion, which stores spermatozoa during the period of testicular regression in July, but that they had no sperm during th...

background: cadmium chloride which is potentially toxic is currently used in industry. the toxic effects of cadmium on testes have been reported to range from apoptosis to necrosis, with different effects on fertility. this research aimed to study the effect of different doses of cadmium on testicular tissues at acute stage by light and electron microscopy. methods: cadmium chloride was injecte...

In this report the morphology of the gonads and the growth of the Wolffian and Müllerian duct in foetal mouse true hermaphrodites (16 days p.c.) have been studied and compared to that of normal mice. The ducts from the hermaphrodites were placed in one of five groups according to the proportion of male and female characteristic of the gonad. When more than 85% of the gonadal tissue was masculin...

Ground Skink (Scincella lateralis) testes were examined histologically to determine the testicular organization and germ cell development strategy employed during spermatogenesis. Testicular tissues were collected from 19 ground skinks from Aiken County, South Carolina during the months of March-June, August, and October. The testes consisted of seminiferous tubules lined with germinal epitheli...

background: the cells of mammalian female reproductive tract have been widely used for in vitro fertilization (ivf). this study was designed to study the effects of oviductal epithelial cells (oecs) and their conditioned medium during ivf on subsequent embryonic development and the relative abundance of zygote arrest 1 (zar1) transcript in ovine zygotes. methods: the in vitro matured ovine oocy...

Platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF)- A-deficient male mice were found to develop progressive reduction of testicular size, Leydig cells loss, and spermatogenic arrest. In normal mice, the PDGF-A and PDGF-Ralpha expression pattern showed positive cells in the seminiferous epithelium and in interstitial mesenchymal cells, respectively. The testicular defects seen in PDGF-A-/- mice, combined wit...

among the drug delivery and targeting (ddt) routes, lung alveolar epithelium has been given enormous attentions in terms of the delivery of a wide range of macromolecules such as gene- or protein-based nanopharmaceuticals. however, little is known about cellular modulation of lung transport characteristics by endogenous and/or exogenous agents. thus, in the current study, impact of dexamethason...