AIMS Thyroid associated orbitopathy (TAO) is an autoimmune disorder of extraocular muscles and orbital connective tissue. Identification of the principal target antigens would help the understanding of the pathogenesis of the disease and possibly lead to the development of specific therapies in the future. The purpose of this study was to measure serum antibodies against the flavoprotein subuni...

Patients with symptoms of thyroid-associated orbitopathy are classified on the basis of the clinical activity score (CAS) proposed by Mourits in 1989. Despite its undoubted clinical usefulness, it has several limitations which can decide about the success or failure of the implemented treatment. Numerous reports mention the presence of hemodynamic changes in orbital and bulbar vessels in the co...

Selenium (Se) is an important trace element for human physiology. It has anti-inflammatory, anti-neoplastic and anti-aging properties and protects from oxidative stress [1]. It is present in muscles, liver and kidneys, but reaches its highest concentration in the thyroid gland [2]. Selenium is incorporated in the molecular structure of a class of proteins called selenoproteins and the following...

INTRODUCTION Eye symptoms are comparatively frequent in the clinical evidence of Basedow's disease in childhood. Severe forms of thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy are casuistic in pediatric patients. Early diagnose and evaluation of the severity of thyroid orbitopathy and relevant specialist treatment are key prognostic factors according to the contemporary consensuses. AIM The aim of the pre...

Purpose: To investigate orbital morphology parameters associated with exophthalmos changes in patients undergoing endoscopic decompression to treat thyroid-related orbitopathy.Methods: In total, 33 eyes of 18 orbitopathy who underwent were included this retrospective study. Data collected before and 6 months after surgery. We performed Hertel exophthalmometry derived from two-dimensional facial...

Isotope therapy is one of the methods used in primary hyperthyroidism. The therapy is based on short-range beta radiation emitted from radioactive iodine. Radioiodine administration must always be preceded by pharmacological normalization of thyroid function. Otherwise, post-radiation thyrocyte destruction and thyroid hormones release may lead to hyperthyroidism exacerbation. Indications for ra...

RATIONALE Thyroid-associated orbitopathy (TAO) is most often seen in patients with autoimmune thyroid disease. Data about TAO occurred in patients with thyroid carcinoma are rare. We give a report of 5 patients to present the clinical characteristics, treatment, and prognosis of this type of case. PATIENT CONCERNS Five thyroid carcinoma patients presented with orbitopathy. Among them, two pat...

Upper eyelid retraction is a characteristic feature of thyroid eye disease, including Graves' orbitopathy. In this study, a new surgical technique for correction of lid retraction secondary to Graves' orbitopathy is described. Sixteen eyelids of patients older than 18 years old underwent surgical correction for moderate to severe lid retraction secondary to Graves' orbitopathy. In this procedur...

Introduction. Selenium is a micronutrient embedded in several proteins. In adults, the thyroid is the organ with the highest amount of selenium per gram of tissue. Selenium levels in the body depend on the characteristics of the population and its diet, geographic area, and soil composition. In the thyroid, selenium is required for the antioxidant function and for the metabolism of thyroid horm...

purpose: to evaluate the prevalence and severity of ophthalmic manifestations of graves’ disease in the mashhad university of medical sciences endocrine clinics . methods: in a multicenter prospective-descriptive study, patients with graves' disease that were being followed in mashhad university of medical sciences endocrine clinics were recruited for the study, from december 2002 to septe...