In this paper, we propose a new residual analysis method using Fourier series transform into fuzzy time series model for improving the forecasting performance. This hybrid model takes advantage of the high predictable power of fuzzy time series model and Fourier series transform to fit the estimated residuals into frequency spectra, select the low-frequency terms, filter out high-frequency term...

background: a dramatic increase in healthcare expenditures is a major health policy concern worldwide. understanding factors that underlie the growth in healthcare expenditures is essential to assist decision-makers in finding best policies to manage healthcare costs. we aimed to examine the determinants of healthcare spending in iran over the periods of 1978-2011. methods: a time series analys...