Any deficiency in trace element content of commercial poultry diets will decrease their performance. To prevent this situation it is necessary to supplement trace minerals in poultry diets to allow the modern birds to reach their genetic potential. The NRC publication as the most famous reference for livestock and poultry nutrients requirement has no recommendation for some less needed trace mi...

Biological methanation of carbon dioxide using hydrogen makes it possible to improve the methane and energy content biogas produced from sewage sludge organic residuals reach requirements for injection into natural gas network. Biofilm reactors, so-called trickling bed offer a relatively simple, energy-efficient, reliable technique upgrading via ex-situ methanation. A mesophilic lab-scale biofi...

Laboratory animal models are an important part of test design. Certain conditions such as microbial contamination in diets of these models could affect the results of experiments. One of the most important routes that predispose to contamination is generated through feeding of laboratory animals. This study aimed to show the effect of gamma irradiation in reducing bacteria concentrations,...

Weanling crossbred pigs (Sus scrofa; 72 barrows and 72 gilts; BW = 7.4 ± 1.1 kg) were used to evaluate dietary supplemental trace mineral (Cu, Fe, Mn, and Zn) source (inorganic vs. organic) and deletion (0, 2, 4, and 6 wk preharvest) on growth performance, carcass characteristics, and pork quality. Pigs were blocked by BW, ancestry, and sex, and randomly allotted to 24 pens, and fed a diet cont...

Iron, copper, zinc, and eight other minerals are classified as essential trace elements because they present in minute in vivo quantities and are essential for life. Because either excess or insufficient levels of trace elements can be detrimental to life (causing human diseases such as iron-deficiency anemia, hemochromatosis, Menkes syndrome and Wilson's disease), the endogenous levels of trac...

Trace minerals have long been identified as essential components in the diets of domestic livestock species. Chromium, cobalt, copper, iodine, iron, manganese, molybdenum, nickel, selenium, and zinc are included in the category of essential trace minerals (or microminerals). Trace minerals exist in cells and tissues of the animal body in a variety of chemical combinations, and in characteristic...

A series of studies were conducted to determine the effect of supplemental trace mineral source on growth performance, morbidity, and trace mineral status in growing beef cattle. The first experiment evaluated supplemental trace minerals from sulfate, organic, or hydroxy sources on growth performance and morbidity. Crossbreed beef calves were assigned to 1 of 3 treatments consisting of suppleme...

The role of trace minerals in animal production is an area of strong interest for producers, feed manufactures, veterinarians and scientists. Adequate trace mineral intake and absorption is required for a variety of metabolic functions including immune response to pathogenic challenge, reproduction and growth. Mineral supplementation strategies quickly become complex because differences in trac...

An investigation was carried out to determine whether a Day 28 to 49 dietary vitamin, trace mineral, and vitamin plus trace mineral premix withdrawal would impact Pectoralis major thiamin or riboflavin concentration in chicks reared under thermoneutral (24 C) and heat-stressed (24 to 35 C) conditions. No significant (P > 0.1) environment by nutrient withdrawal interactions were detected. Heat s...