The track-structure interaction effects are usually analysed with conventional FEM programs, where it is difficult to implement the complex track-structure connection behaviour, which is nonlinear, elastic-plastic and depends on the vertical load. The authors developed an alternative analysis method, which they call the relative displacement method. It is based on the calculation of deformation...

When ionizing radiation interacts with matter, by its basic definition, it produces free electrons and residual positive ions. Thus, one might think initially that all ionizing radiation should produce the same biologic damage. This, however, is not so. When what we traditionally call x-rays (energies from a few 10s of eV to a few hundred keV) interact with an absorber, whether it is a gas, liq...

Single-track Gray codes are cyclic Gray codes with codewords of length n, such that all the n tracks which correspond to the n distinct coordinates of the codewords are cyclic shifts of the first track. We investigate the structure of such binary codes and show that there is no such code with 2n codewords when n is a power of 2. This implies that the known codes with 2n 2n codewords, when n is ...

A plasmon generated by a swift charged particle constitutes a coherent excitation about the particle track. We discuss the physics of the plasmon in conden~ed m.atter and its e~ects on ele~tr?n transport in liquid water. Criteria for the existence of the plasmon III a given substance, Its chara~teflsttcs when generated by a swift charged particle, its representation in impact parameter space, a...

Based on the 16–32 m simply-supported beam bridge Shanghai-Kunming high-speed railway, a collision model of CRTS II track system was established. The considered longitudinal, horizontal as well vertical nonlinear constraints among structural layers, and Kelvin element used to simulate pounding effect gaps. seismic response firstly analyzed then influences different cases damaged plate, base mor...

In the last three decades the ultra-orthodox community in Israel has experienced great changes in its internal social functioning. More specifically, these developments were linked to the education of ultra-orthodox women. Through an accurate review of the existing literature and a series of in-depth interviews with Israeli scholars, rabbis, educators and women of the ultraorthodox community in...