objective(s): organic cation transporter 3 (oct3) as a high-capacity transporter contribute to the metabolism of metformin. the present study was conducted to determine the genotype frequencies of the variant oct3-1233g>a (rs2292334) in patients with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes (t2d) and its relationship with response to metformin. materials and methods: this study included 150 patients wit...

conclusions it can be concluded that the nettle extract can reduce blood glucose levels in diabetic mice, at least partly, by influencing the glut2 gene expression in mice liver. results the results showed that the nettle extract significantly decreased high levels of blood glucose (p < 0.001). the nettle extract also had a preventive effect on decrease in body weight. in addition, the results ...

The high-payload transporter is a key part of the multipurpose deployer, which important for realizing remote handling tokamaks. This paper presents an analysis joint between and design test platform. kinematic, structural, load characteristics main joints heavy-duty manipulator were analyzed according to peculiarity high precision, large length, heavy transporter. Joint No. 4 (J4) was determin...

ZIP (Zinc-regulated transporter, Iron-regulated transporter-like Protein, ZIP) plays an important role in uptake or transport Zn Fe plants. So studying ZIPs plant can help to elucidate the molecular mechanism for and transportation. Herein, we have cloned a novel transporter gene NoZIP3 from Nasturtium officinale root using rapid-amplification of cDNA ends (RACE) method, evaluated its function ...

Orally administered small molecules may have important therapeutic potential in treating COVID-19 disease. The recently developed antiviral agents, Molnupiravir and Nirmatrelvir, been reported to be efficient treatments, with only moderate side effects, especially when applied the early phases of this However, drug–drug drug–transporter interactions already noted by drug development companies a...

The Na+/H+ exchangers (NHE) are a family of proteins that regulate intracellular pH, sodium levels and cell volume, contribute to the control cycle, proliferation, migration vesicle trafficking. However, despite their physiological importance, detailed molecular-level structural information for NHE has been lacking. Although number prokaryotic structures sodium/proton antiporters known, it is n...

This study characterizes different MTP1 (metal tolerance protein)/ZAT (zinc transporter) homologs involved in zinc (Zn) homeostasis plants. BLAST analysis of AtMTP1 protein against 15 plant species showed 21 homologs. These generally contain ~400 residues, six transmembrane helices and cation transporter activity (GO:0008324), which can be utilized predicting Zn uptake mechanisms. genes having ...

Introduction: Paraoxon (the neurotoxic metabolite of organophosphorus (OP) insecticide, parathion) exerts acute toxicity by inhibition of acetylcholinesterase (AChE), leading to the accumulation of acetylcholine in cholinergic synapses and hence overstimulation of the cholinergic system. Since, reports on changes in the level of γ- amino butyric acid (GABA) during OP-induced convulsion have bee...