The skin, the largest organ of the body, is the organ in which changes associated with aging are most visible. With increasing frequency, patients are requesting information and treatments that improve the appearance of their skin. Corresponding to this trend, there is an increasing number of products and methods available that claim to aid this pursuit. First, a change of the patient's lifesty...

In the past decade, there has been renewed interest in the feasibility and efficacy of purely behavioral treatments for clinical depression. Emphasizing the functional aspects of depressive and nondepressive behavior, these treatments focus on the concept of behavioral activation, which guides implementation of procedures aimed at increasing patient activity and access to reinforcement. Althoug...

there are many techniques for reconstruction after total pharyngolaryngoesophagectomy. the use of a transposed stomach to restore gastrointestinal continuity, and this combined cervical and abdominal approach for pharyngolaryngoesophagectomy and gastric pull up has become one of the most popular. this retrospective study is a review of 50 consecutive iranian patients who underwent pharyngolaryn...

Rook’s Textbook of Dermatology, 8th edition. Edited by DA Burns, SM Breathnach, NH Cox and CEM Griffiths. © 2009 Blackwell Publishing, ISBN: 978-1-4051-6169-5. Introduction Over the last century there has been a dramatic increase in the ageing population in most developed countries. For example, it is expected that one in five Americans will be aged 65 years or older by the year 2030 (source 20...

One hallmark of modern medicine is the ever-rising cost of providing life-saving or life-extending treatments. Advances in medical care and the ability to improve the duration and quality of life, combined with the expectations of both doctors and patients that all new modalities of treatment developed will be implemented in everyday practice, are the major reasons for modern medicine's becomin...