In addition to a previously published study about Central Asian Colletes bees we here further report on nine rarely collected and little known species. Now 85 species of Colletes are known from this region with three of them recorded for the first time: C. asiaticus Kuhlmann 1999, C. iranicus Noskiewicz 1962 and C. succinctus (Linnaeus 1758). Colletes pseudomirabilis sp. nov. is described from ...

Uzbekistan has been one of the most enigmatic of the thirty-plus economies in transition from central planning during the 1990s. The government explicitly avoided the shock therapy advocated by the international financial institutions and also avoided the economic collapse of non-reformers such as Belarus or Turkmenistan. Its economic performance, measured by change in real GDP between 1989 and...

Four new species are described: Pseudepipona (Deuterepipona) kostylevi Fateryga, sp. nov. (Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan, Kazakhstan), P. (D.) nikolayi (Kazakhstan), popovi (Turkmenistan), and vladimiri (Kazakhstan). A synonymy is proposed: superba (Morawitz, 1867) = tricolor Gusenleitner, 1976, syn. Lectotypes designated for two species: herzi 1895) superba. Two species, both not occurring in the r...

With the end of Cold War, a global competition began for exploration, extraction and transportation Caspian energy resources. It is suggested that cooperation two energ-rich countries, Azerbaijan Turkmenistan, will not only increase influence these countries in international arena, but also contribute to security. Turkmenistan’s active foreign policy with Berdimuhamedov increased impact Turkmen...