BACKGROUND There is a health crisis in Turkmenistan similar to, but more severe than, in other Central Asian countries. This paper asks whether the health crisis in Turkmenistan is attributable to the consequences of the dictatorship under president Niyazov, who died in 2006. METHODS The basis for this paper was a series of semi-structured in-depth interviews with key informants complemented ...

having a rentier economy dependent on natural gas exports, turkmenistan was administered as a dictatorship under saparmurat niyazov after it gained independence from the soviet :union:. it also pursued a foreign policy based on non-participation in any international alliance and pact. this paper studies turkmenistan's domestic and foreign policies under his successor president berdimuhamed...

Our aim was to establish whether the human basal metabolic rate (BMR) shifts towards the reduction of vital functions as an adaptation response to extreme environmental conditions. Data was collected in arid and Extreme North zones. The arid zone samples included Bedouins living in the Sinai Peninsula in Egypt, Turkmen students, the Pedagogical University of Chardzhou, Turkmenistan born Russian...

he financial crises that swept across Asia and Russia in 1998 are reshaping the leadership politics of the former communist countries. In Russia, the financial crisis has marginalized President Boris Yeltsin and brought to the political forefront a previously disenfranchised coalition of traditionalists. Ukraine’s political leadership is leaning in the direction of Europe. The leaders of the co...

AIM To present results of a rapid assessment of cataract in Turkmenistan. METHODS 6120 eligible people of 50 years and older were selected by systematic random sampling from the whole of Turkmenistan. A total of 6011 people were examined (coverage 98.2%). RESULTS Cataract is the major cause of bilateral blindness (54%), followed by glaucoma (25%). The age and sex adjusted prevalence of bila...