Solar ultraviolet radiation (UVR, 280-400 nm) is known to cause a number of detrimental effects in aquatic organisms. The area of Patagonia, which is sometimes under the influence of the Antarctic ozone “hole”, occasionally receives enhanced levels of ultraviolet B radiation (UV-B, 280-315 nm). Great efforts have been put into creating a database for UVR climatology by installing a variety of i...

Mixing of seawater subjects phytoplankton to fluctuations in photosynthetically active radiation (400-700 nm) and ultraviolet radiation (UVR; 280-400 nm). These irradiance fluctuations are now superimposed upon ocean acidification and thinning of the upper mixing layer through stratification, which alters mixing regimes. Therefore, we examined the photosynthetic carbon fixation and photochemica...

A substantial loss in the stratospheric ozone layer due to anthropogenically released chemicals has aroused concern about the effects of increased solar ultraviolet radiation (UVR), particularly UV-B (280-315 nm), on the Earth’s surface. Solar UV-B radiation is detrimental for most sun-exposed organisms, including humans. They can penetrate deep into biologically significant depths in lakes, po...

Colonies of Stylophora pistillata maintained for four years in indoor aquaria in the near absence of ultraviolet radiation (UVR) contained only small amounts (,5 nmol mg21 protein) of 10 identified mycosporine-like amino acids (MAAs, which act as UV sunscreens), the largest number reported in any organism. The concentrations of most MAAs increased linearly or exponentially when colonies were ex...

A bystander effect is biological changes in non-irradiated cells by transmitted signals from irradiated bystander cells, which causes the radiation toxic effects on the adjacent non-irradiated tissues. This phenomenon occurs by agents such as ionizing radiation, ultraviolet radiation (UVR) and chemotherapy. The bystander effect includes biological processes such as damage to DNA, cell death, ch...

ULTRAVIOLET RADIATION AND THE SKIN IMMUNE RESPONSE Ivana Nola, Krešimir Kostoviæ, Lena Kotrulja, Liborija Lugoviæ, Jelena Meštroviæ-Štefekov and Ines Sjerobabski-Masnec University Department of Dermatovenerology, Sestre milosrdnice University Hospital, Zagreb, Croatia SUMMARY – At present, ultraviolet radiation (UVR) represents one of the most important environmental factors affecting mankind. ...

BACKGROUND The main source of ultraviolet radiation (UVR) is the sun, affecting organs such as the skin, eyes, and immune system. According to American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienist (ACGIH) reports, the amount of UVR reaching the Earth's surface is increasing yearly and is responsible for an increase in solar radiation-related diseases. AIMS To investigate the amount of UVR ...

This overview highlights the risk of skin diseases arising in workers exposed to ultraviolet radiation (UVR) at their workplace. There is a plethora of skin manifestations in outdoor workers such as seamen, fishermen, farmers after acute intense or long-term exposure to solar UVR, but some cutaneous diseases may also develop in indoor workers exposed to artificial sources. In recent years, inve...

VGuidelines for exposure to visible and infrared radiation were first proposed by ICNIRP in 1997. Related guidelines on limits of exposure to ultraviolet radiation (UVR) and laser radiation have been published. This document presents a revision of the guidelines for broadband incoherent radiation. Health Phys. 105(1):74Y96; 2013

This review examines the use of ultraviolet (UV) therapy in lupus erythematosus (LE), a disorder usually associated with abnormally increased photosensitivity. In addition to the abnormal cutaneous response to ultraviolet radiation (UVR) exposure, photo-aggravation of systemic disease activity in systemic LE (SLE) may also occur. However, courses of UVR exposure may also be used in the treatmen...