OBJECTIVE We review historical and more recent efforts in boredom research and related fields. A framework is presented that organizes the various facets of boredom, particularly in supervisory control settings, and research gaps and future potential areas for study are highlighted. BACKGROUND Given the ubiquity of boredom across a wide spectrum of work environments--exacerbated by increasing...

The correlations among indicators of objective well-being, cultural dimensions, and subjective well-being were investigated using Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) data from 35 countries. The subjective well-being measures included life satisfaction as well as six positive and six negative indexes of experience. Positive and negative experience scores were subjected ...

Half-way through Alexandre Kojève’s six-year lectures on Hegel (1933–1939), the dialectic of struggle and work reaches its culmination in conceptual dyad Napoleon-Hegel as a necessary vehicle for universal emancipation absolute science. Anticipating ‘leap’ into post-historical existence, figure tyranny wisdom marks exception which dialectical process is suspended favour dualism. This article de...

Boredom is frequently considered inconsequential and has received relatively little research attention. We argue that boredom has important implications for human functioning, based on emotion theory and empirical evidence. Specifically, we argue that boredom motivates pursuit of new goals when the previous goal is no longer beneficial. Exploring alternate goals and experiences allows the attai...

This research presents a review of the psychometric measures on boredom that have been developed over the past 25 years. Specifically, the author examined the Boredom Proneness Scale (BPS; R. Farmer & N. D. Sundberg, 1986), the job boredom scales by E. A. Grubb (1975) and T. W. Lee (1986), a boredom coping measure (J. A. Hamilton, R. J. Haier, & M. S. Buchsbaum, 1984), 2 scales that assess leis...

Two experiments tested the effect of boredom on galvanic skin potential, skin conductance, and heart rate as autonomic measures of arousal. The results support Berlyne's 1960 hypothesis that boredom increases autonomic arousal. An intelligence measure correlated positively with rated boredom on the experimental task. The subjective state of boredom was seen as resulting from an inadequate rate ...

We report new evidence on the emotional, demographic, and situational correlates of boredom from a rich experience sample capturing 1.1 million emotional and time-use reports from 3,867 U.S. adults. Subjects report boredom in 2.8% of the 30-min sampling periods, and 63% of participants report experiencing boredom at least once across the 10-day sampling period. We find that boredom is more like...