The branched glycerol dialkyl glycerol tetraethers (br-GDGTs) based methylation index of branched tetraethers/cyclisation ratio of branched tetraethers (MBT/CBT) proxy was applied for reconstructing the recent local changes in mean air temperature (MAT) in a sediment core collected from Lake Zeekoevlei. Lake Zeekoevlei is the largest freshwater lake in South Africa, and located close to Cape To...

The proliferation of 'commercial off the shelf' geographical information systems into the scientific community has resulted in the widespread use of spatial climate data in a variety of applications. This paper presents a review of the role of geographical information systems in climatology and meteorology by i) discussing methods used to derive and refine spatial climate data and ii) reviewing...

Meteorology applied to urban air pollution problems: concepts from COST 715 B. Fisher, J. Kukkonen, M. Piringer, M. W. Rotach, and M. Schatzmann Environment Agency, Kings Meadow House, Reading RG1 8DQ, UK Finnish Meteorological Institute, Air Quality Research, Sahaajankatu 20 E, 00 880 Helsinki, Finland Central Institute for Meteorology and Geodynamics, Hohe Warte 38, 1190 Vienna, Austria Swiss...

Odin stratospheric proxy NOy measurements and climatology S. Brohede, C. A. McLinden, J. Urban, C. S. Haley, A. I. Jonsson, and D. Murtagh Department of Radio and Space Science, Chalmers University of Technology, SE-412 96 Göteborg, Sweden Environment Canada, 4905 Dufferin Street, Toronto, Ontario, M3H 5T4, Canada Centre for Research in Earth and Space Science, York University, 4700 Keele Stree...

A new ozone climatology, based on ozonesonde and satellite measurements, spanning the altitude region between the earth’s surface and ∼60 km is presented (TpO3 climatology). This climatology is novel in that the ozone profiles are categorized according to calendar month, latitude and local tropopause heights. Compared to the standard latitude–month categorization, this presentation improves the...

Urbanization, the expansion of built-up areas, is an important yet less-studied aspect of land use/land cover change in climate science. To date, most global climate models used to evaluate effects of land use/land cover change on climate do not include an urban parameterization. Here, the authors describe the formulation and evaluation of a parameterization of urban areas that is incorporated ...

This study explores a domain-filling trajectory approach to generate a global ozone climatology from relatively sparse ozonesonde data. Global ozone soundings comprising 51 898 profiles at 116 stations over 44 yr (1965–2008) are used, from which forward and backward trajectories are calculated from meteorological reanalysis data to map ozone measurements to other locations and so fill in the sp...

the urban heat island effect refers to the temperature rise of the cities in comparison to the suburbs. this phenomenon which is a consequence of urbanization and has become a major issue in the urban climatology may have serious consequences in the developing countries which are facing a rapid and unplanned urban growth. tehran, the capital and the most populated city of iran, this phenomenon ...

A radar-based climatology of 91 unique summertime (May 2000–August 2009) thunderstorm cases was examined over the Indianapolis, Indiana, urban area. The study hypothesis is that urban regions alter the intensity and composition/structure of approaching thunderstorms because of land surface heterogeneity. Storm characteristics were studied over the Indianapolis region and four peripheral rural c...

In Europe, regional climate change prospects indicate the urgency of adapting to extreme weather events. While increasing temperature trends have already been detected, in last decades, adoption a European heatwave (HW) early-warning index is not yet consensual, partially due significant number alternative algorithms, some cases adjusted measurement sector-specific impacts (as per Expert Team o...