Some M × T modulation matrices for M transmit antennae and T symbol periods, with M = 2, 3, 4 and T = 2, and M = T = 4 are studied. A transmission rate of M symbols per channel use and a transmit diversity order of min(M,T ) are achieved over a quasi-static fading channel when using rotated versions of a multi-dimensional quadratic amplitude modulation with spectral efficiency 2 bits per symbol...

In order to investigate the effect of urea and Azocompost on economic yield, nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) and radiation use efficiency (RUE) of wild majoram, a factorial experiment was conducted based on randomized complete block design with three replications at Yazd and Mashhad, Iran, during 2012-2013 growing season. Four urea levels and four Azocompost levels (to provide 0, 40, 80 and 120 k...

introduction: maintaining soil moisture content at about field capacity and reducing water loss in near root zone plays a key role for developing soil and water management programs. clay pot or porous pipe is a traditional sub-irrigation method and is ideal for many farms in the world’s dry land with small and medium sized farms and gardens and is still used limitedly in dry lands of india, ira...

abstract: deficit irrigation technique can be used for produce more yield for every unit of irrigation water, and cause to increase crop economical benefit. main purpose of deficit irrigation is high water use efficiency with decreasing in irrigation sufficiency. in this research potential of cropwat model in deficit irrigation management for two crops, wheat and barley in karaj climate was stu...

terminal drought stress during grain filling period has recently become more common in the semiarid mediterranean regions, where wheat (triticum aestivum) is grown as an important winter cereal crop. the objective of this experiment was to study the effect of terminal drought stress on grain yield, gas exchange variables, and some physiological traits of nine bread wheat cultivars. an experimen...

this experiment aimed to determine evapotranspiration, and responses of some yield and quality parameters of subsurface drip irrigated broccoli (brassica oleraceae l.). treatments included water application when available soil moistures were depleted 30, 40, and 50% during both spring and autumn cultivations. under a semi-arid climatic condition of tokat, turkey, the experiment was carried out ...

the study assessed economic of maize production in ogori/magongo local government area of kogi state. to this end, effort was made to examine the socio economic characteristics of the maize farmers, determine the resource use efficiency, problems as well as profitability of maize production in the area. to achieve the objectives of this study 48 maize farmers where randomly selected from 5 ward...

environmental variables, including soil water content (swc), act as constraints on crop growth and productivity. therefore, open air (e0), perforated (e1) and non-perforated (e2) plastic housings were used with well-watered (w0), moderately-watered (w1) and water-stressed (w2) bush bean plants to explore the relationships between water-use efficiency (wue), carbon isotope discrimination (δ) and...

abstract this study was conducted to determine the best drip irrigation method for pepper cultivation with the objective of water saving and obtaining maximum yield. the study was done during two years. experimental design was randomized complete blocks design (rcbd) in split plot with four replications. three different drip irrigation methods; drip irrigation with in-line emitter tubes, drip i...

introduction: nowadays, due to lack of water resources and increasing demand for water, agricultural water planning issues need further consideration. with proper planning and determination of irrigation depth and time, the effects of stress and yield loss on the plants are reduced. irrigation scheduling is one of the most important factors in crop’s quality and quantity. the main objective of ...