Theoretical and numerical analyses of waveguide branches in a photonic crystal are presented. Conditions for perfect transmission and zero reflection are discussed. Based upon these conditions, numerical simulations of electromagnetic-wave propagation in photonic crystals are performed to identify structures with near-complete transmission. © 2001 Optical Society of America OCIS codes: 130.1750...

Objective: Village development from the perspective of community empowerment is to increase participation in institutions by utilizing economic potential resources and local wisdom. Purpose: The research analyze design a model institutional at location Sambak Village, Kajoran Subdistrict, Magelang Regency, Central Java Province as productive innovative village that was awarded Climate Independe...

INTRODUCTION The accuracy and practicality of PCR-restriction endonuclease analysis (PRA) for rapid identification of pathogenic rapidly growing mycobacteria (RGM) isolates were evaluated. MATERIALS AND METHOD PRA identification using an amplified 439-bp segment (amplicon) of the 65-kDa heat shock protein gene was compared to identification by conventional methods, for 39 clinically significa...

Remote sensing and GIS has emerged as an effective tool for the macro and micro level mapping of natural resources. With the increased resolution in RS data the accuracy in mapping has increased multifold and further these data may be uniformly overlaid on the geographical maps of the region or locality with various GIS packages. In order to have people’s viewpoint in the validation of ground l...

Land redistribution was legislated in 1994; it was designed to resolve historical imbalances inland ownership in South Africa. Between 2002 and 2006, a longitudinal observational studywas conducted with 15 purposively selected small-scale dairy farmers in a land redistributionproject in Central North West Province. Four farmers left the project over the period. For thepurposes of this study, a ...

The land area of Sri Lanka constitutes 65,610 sq. km with a considerable range forest conservation zones that are prone to human- elephant conflict (HEC) has led various social, economic, and environmental issues. main objective this study is identify the key issues in human-elephant propose viable solutions for them using Participatory Rural Appraisal (PRA). Two HEC areas have been selected st...

due to the poor social and economic conditions of vulnerable children's families, vulnerable children experience urbanspaces for work and play more than other children. although these children gain a solid understanding of urban spaces,which can be used in the process of designing desirable urban spaces in their neighborhoods, they are less considered insuch projects. thus, the methodology for ...