Oxygen consumption, heart rate, and thermal tolerance were measured in week-old embryos of Heermann's gull ( h r u s heermanni). Heart rate and oxygen consumption are temperature independent between 30 and 40 C and average 120 beats/min and 1.87 cm3 Ot/(egg-h). Below 30 C, these rate processes become strongly temperature dependent, and the heart stops beating when cooled to 7-13 C. The beat rec...