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تعداد نتایج: 140248  

2016
HORACIO A. LARREGUY JOHN MARSHALL JAMES M. SNYDER

Incumbent malfeasance is a major challenge in many developing democracies. However, voters often do not punish malfeasant politicians. We develop a simple model showing that electoral accountability requires that the local media market structure incentivize media stations to report incumbent malfeasance to voters. The model’s predictions are tested in Mexico, where we exploit plausibly exogenou...

2006
Ebonya Washington Elizabeth Oltmans Ananat Victor Chernozhukov Esther Duflo Jonathan Gruber Lawrence Katz Alexis León Sendhil Mullainathan Rohini Pande Cynthia Perry James Poterba James Snyder

Both Black and White voter turnout increases 2-3 percentage points with each Black Democrat on the ballot. Given the groups' representations in the population, the White response is numerically greater. Whites of both parties are less likely to vote for their parties' candidate when s/he is Black. The turnout findings are not explained away by voter, election, or politician characteristics. How...

2016
Joseph McMurray

Standard election models robustly predict that candidates should adopt moderate policies, especially if they value winning o¢ ce, and that this is good for voter welfare. Empirical polarization is therefore both inexplicable and troubling. This paper shows that if voter di¤erences re‡ect beliefs about an underlying truth variable, rather than idiosyncratic preferences, then polarization is the ...

2007
Kevin Milligan Marie Rekkas

We study the impact of campaign spending limits for candidates in Canadian federal elections. We first demonstrate that spending limits are binding mostly for incumbent candidates. We then use this information to produce endogeneity-corrected estimates for the impact of incumbent spending on electoral vote shares. Furthermore, we examine the impact of spending limits on broader measures of elec...

Tâ ÇÉÅ wx W|xâ Revue des Études de la Langue Française Revue semestrielle de la Faculté des Langues Étrangères de l'Université d'Ispahan Cinquième année, N° 8 Printemps-Eté 2013, ISSN 2008- 6571 ISSN électronique 2322-469X Cette revue est indexée dans: Ulrichsweb: global serials directory http://ulrichsweb.serialssolutions.com Doaj: Directory of Open Access Journals http://www.doaj.org ...

پایان نامه :دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی - دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد تهران مرکزی - دانشکده زبانهای خارجی 1392

l’orthographe se divise en deux catégories, l’orthographe lexicale et l’orthographe grammaticale, elle désigne lensemble des normes qui règlent la façon décrire dans une langue. le rôle principal d’un système d’écriture est de déplacer des unités auditives en des unités visuelles. les fonctions de la plupart des systèmes d’écritures consistent a de transcrire les sons de la langue orale et à as...

پایان نامه :وزارت علوم، تحقیقات و فناوری - دانشگاه تربیت مدرس - دانشکده علوم انسانی 1390

la modalité est un prédicat qui modifie un autre prédicat et joue ainsi un rôle important dans la construction du sens. les principaux verbes modaux sont : le /vouloir/, le /pouvoir/, le /devoir/, le /savoir/ et le /croire/ qui peuvent se mettre en combinaison, en confrontation ou en contribution les unes avec les autres. dans ce travail de recherche nous essaierons d’examiner les modalités de ...

2010
Pierre F. Landry Deborah Davis Shiru Wang

Village elections in China present scholars with the case of a single-party regime that allows voters to reject candidates regularly. Using a micro survey of 698 voters in 30 rural election districts, the authors demonstrate that when some candidates can lose, voters participate. A comparison of models of voter turnout and running for office further demonstrates that even when competition is st...

2013
Stephen Ansolabehere

The decentralization of lists has traditionally made it difficult to make a full accounting of the performance of the election system that would allow local election offices to gauge how well they are doing. Complete reporting of voter registrations, turnout at the precinct and election office level would improve the ability of election offices to diagnose where problems arise and for offices t...

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