Aims Anabolic–androgenic steroids (AAS) are widely used illicitly to gain muscle and lose body fat. Here we review the accumulating human and animal evidence showing that AAS may cause a distinct dependence syndrome, often associated with adverse psychiatric and medical effects. Method We present an illustrative case of AAS dependence, followed by a summary of the human and animal literature on...

Introduction Anabolic-androgenic steroids (AAS) are synthetic derivatives of which frequently utilized in order to increase muscle mass and strength. Estimates AAS abuse vary according different studies. However, a global lifetime prevalence 3.3% has been reported. The increasing illicit use over the years raised serious public health concerns. Objectives To report clinical case review psychopa...

Characterized by low serum testosterone levels and diverse symptoms, male hypogonadism is a common condition. Current medical treatment focuses on testosterone supplementation using multiple modalities such as injections, gels and pellets. Interestingly, while testosterone is considered an anabolic androgenic steroid, it has not been saddled with the social stigma that other, similar medication...

Abuse of androgenic and anabolic steroids is becoming both a medical and public health problem. It is generally underestimated just how prevalent steroid abuse is amongst young sports people. Vascular thrombosis (myocardial infarction,' stroke,2 arterial thrombosis in a limb3) has been documented in the USA in steroid abusing athletes in the past decade. The problem is now appearing in Britain,...

OBJECTIVE The authors investigated the use and perceived use of anabolic androgenic steroids (AAS) among nonathlete college students. PARTICIPANTS The authors surveyed a sample of 485 nonathlete college students at a major metropolitan university. METHODS They administered a survey on use and perceived use of AAS to the students. RESULTS Forty-two participants (9%) reported using AAS (37 ...

P ROGNOSIS in aplastic anemia has improved since the introduction of testosterone therapy.1 This androgenic hormone has proved very useful in the treatment of children with congenital and acquired aplastic anemia,1-5 but appears to be less effective in adults with the same disorder.#{176} Oxymetho1one79 and other related steroids4’1015 have recently been used in place of testosterone with good ...

BACKGROUND The inappropriate use of anabolic androgenic steroids (AAS) was originally a problem among athletes but AAS are now often used in nonsport situations and by patients attending regular addiction clinics. The aim of this study was to improve understanding of the development of multiple drug use in patients seeking treatment at an addiction clinic for AAS-related problems. METHODS We ...

THE PARENTERAL ADMINISTRATION of testosterone and other steroids to castrate dogs, rats and intact human males has been reported to increase gains in body weight and nitrogen retention (3, 5, 6) but in addition to the anabolic effects, there were undesirable androgenic side effects. In efforts to find compounds with improved efficiency and reduced side effects, many steroids that possess high a...