background: daylight availability data are essential for designing effectively day lighted buildings. in respect to no available daylight availability data in iran, illuminance data on the south facing vertical surfaces were estimated using a proper method. methods: an illuminance measuring set was designed for measuring vertical illuminances for standard times over 15 days at one hour interval...

System decomposition is a novel technique for modeling the dependability of complex systems without constructing a single-level Markov Chain(MC). This is demonstrated in this paper for the availability computation of a class of multiprocessors that use 4 4 switching elements for the multistage interconnection network (MIN). The availability model is known as task-based availability, where a sys...

Today’s network services run on complex arrays of computing systems consisting of a myriad of hardware and software components. In this work, we claim that it is impractical to try to tolerate all (or even a significant fraction of) fault types in these systems. We argue instead that a new approach, called fault model enforcement, that maps actual faults to expected faults of an abstract fault ...

in this paper, we study different methods of solving joint redundancy-availability optimization for series-parallel systems with multi-state components. we analyzed various effective factors on system availability in order to determine the optimum number and version of components in each sub-system and consider the effects of improving failure rates of each component in each sub-system and impr...

This paper has been worked on a RAP with multi-state components and the performance rate of each component working state may increase by spending technical and organizational activities costs. Whereas RAP belongs to Np-Hard problems, we used Genetic algorithm (GA) and simulated annealing (SA) and for solving the presented problem and calculating system reliability universal generating function ...

Earth pressure balance tunnel boring machines (EPB-TBMs) are favorably applied in urban tunneling projects. Despite their numerous advantages, considerable delays and high maintenance cost are the main disadvantages these machines suffer from. Reliability, availability, and maintainability (RAM) analysis is a practical technique that uses failure and repair dataset obtained over a reasonable ti...

General preventive maintenance model for the components of a system, which improves the reliability to ‘as good as new,’ was used to optimize the maintenance cost. The cost function of a maintenance policy was minimized under given availability constraint. On the other hand, in order to ensure appropriate reliability and availability, the development of the optimal maintenanc...