Presynaptic, electron-dense, cytoplasmic protrusions such as the T-bar (Drosophila) or ribbon (vertebrates) are believed to facilitate vesicle movement to the active zone (AZ) of synapses throughout the nervous system. The molecular composition of these structures including the T-bar and ribbon are largely unknown, as are the mechanisms that specify their synapse-specific assembly and distribut...

Antitumor effects of the proapoptotic Bax gene have been evaluated in vitro and in vivo by a binary adenovirus system expressing the human Bax gene. Overexpression of the Bax gene in cultured cell lines from human lung carcinoma results in caspase activation, apoptosis induction, and cell growth suppression. Intratumoral injection of adenovirus vector expressing the Bar gene suppressed growth o...

Immature embryos as a choice tissue for genetic transformation of maize have a few limitations, such as genotype dependence, time-consuming and requiring a well-equipped greenhouse for access, at any time. In the present study, the split-seed explants were used for genetic transformation of maize, B73 line. The transformation of maize split-seed explants from the inbred line B73, for resistance...

In this study we developed the transposon-mediated shuttle vector 'Hanpvid', which composed of HaNPV (Heliothis armigera nuclear polyhedrosis virus) genomic DNA and a transposon cassette from Bacmid of Bac-to-Bac system. Hanpvid replicates in E. coli in the same way as Bacmid and retains infective function in cotton bollworm cells (Hz-AM1). Using Hanpvid we constructed a recombinant virus, whic...

We have constructed a chimeric gene consisting of the promoter, first exon, and first intron of a maize ubiquitin gene (Ubi-1) and the coding sequence of the bar gene from Streptomyces hygroscopicus. This construct was transferred into rice (Oryza sativa L.) protoplasts via electroporation, and 10 plants were regenerated from calli that had been selected for resistance to exogenously supplied b...

Despite a growing number of reports indicating non-Mendelian inheritance of transgene expression in monocots, no detailed description of the structure and stability of the transgene exists for transformants generated by direct DNA-transfer techniques, making the cause for these observations difficult to determine. In this paper we describe the complex organization of Btt cryIIIA and bar transge...

We studied the effects of different media for callus induction and differentiation, and pre-culture period of immature wheat embryo culture on biolistic transformation efficiency for including antifreeze gene KN2 and bar conferring resistance to the herbicide bialaphos. The percentage of plantlets generated from induction and differentiation media without Cu2+ was lower than those cultured on d...

Mannose-specific Allium sativum leaf agglutinin encoding gene (ASAL) and herbicide tolerance gene (BAR) were introduced into an elite cotton inbred line (NC-601) employing Agrobacterium-mediated genetic transformation. Cotton transformants were produced from the phosphinothricin (PPT)-resistant shoots obtained after co-cultivation of mature embryos with the Agrobacterium strain EHA105 harbourin...

Culture conditions were developed that induce Arabidopsis thaliana (L.) Heynh. root cuttings to regenerate shoots rapidly and at 100% efficiency. The shoots produce viable seeds in vitro or after rooting in soil. A transformation procedure for Arabidopsis root explants based on kanamycin selection was established. By using this regeneration procedure and an Agrobacterium tumor-inducing Ti plasm...

A system for Egyptian barley (Hordeum vulgare L. cv Giza 123) transformation via biolistic bombardment has been established. Immature embryos 1.0-1.5 mm in length were aseptically isolated from barley plants cultivated in the open field. Embryos were then cultured on callus induction medium with scutellum side up. Scutellum derived calli were bombarded with the plasmid pAHC25, containing the ma...