background: ovarian tissue cryopreservation is an alternative strategy to preserve the fertility of women predicted to undergo premature ovarian failure. this study was designed to evaluate the expression of folliculogenesis-related genes, including factor in the germline alpha (figla), growth differentiation factor-9 (gdf-9), follicle-stimulating hormone receptor (fshr), and kit ligand after v...

In previous studies, it was shown that the fusion region of the pml/RAR-alpha protein, expressed by acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) cells, can be specifically recognized in vitro by donor (D. E. ) CD4 T cells in a HLA class II DR11-restricted fashion. We present here the results on the recognition of several pml/RAR-alpha peptides by APL patients expressing HLA DR11. The in vitro immunizatio...

The impact of many microorganisms on their environment depends upon their ability to form surface bound communities called biofilms [1]. Biofilm formation on implanted medical devices has severe consequences for human health by providing both a portal of entry and a sanctuary for invasive bacterial and fungal pathogens [1 and 2]. Biofilm regulators and adherence molecules are extensively define...

objective: the incidence of breast cancer is approximately one million which makes this cancer one of the most common among women worldwide. breast cancer comprises 7% of the total death rate caused by cancers. several strategies that use tumor-associated antigen (taa) vaccination and early detection of breast cancer are clinically being developed. breast cancer is caused by increased over expr...

background: niche cells, regulating spermatogonial stem cells (sscs) fate are believed to have a reciprocal communication with sscs. the present study was conducted to evaluate the effect of ssc elimination on the gene expression of glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (gdnf), fibroblast growth factor 2 (fgf2) and kit ligand (kitlg), which are the main growth factors regulating sscs deve...

background: peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma (pparγ), a member of nuclear receptor superfamily, comprises two isoforms in mouse. these two isoforms are encoded by different mrnas, which are arisen by alternative promoter usage. there are two promoter regions upstream of pparγ gene. a 3 kb fragment, containing several transcription factor binding sites, acts as pparγ1 promoter re...

calorie restriction through ingesting no or minimal amounts of food and caloric beverages for periods of time is called fasting. fasting can affect body through changing in physical and metabolic adaptations, as well as mineral and hormonal status. however, psychological effects and sometimes medical complications are likely in case of inappropriate fasting. fasting is associated with changes i...

background: vast variety of intermediate factors including cell cycle regulators, growth factors, transcription factors, and signaling pathways are involved in hematopoietic stem cell (hsc) commitment and differentiation into distinct lineages. vhl, ecad, and runx3 are among these. epigenetics is currently introduced as a potential mechanism to control the gene regulation. the aim of this study...

background:class ii transactivator (ciita) is a dominanttranscriptional element, controlling numerous genes in theimmune system. ciita is expressed in a constitutive pattern inantigen presenting cells although its expression can occur inother cell types. since the revelation of ciita, there have beenconsiderable advances toward understanding its role as anactivator of mhc ii genes in humans and...