Background Several factors may cause infertility and fetal loss. Blood groups antigens seem to be implied in the mechanisms of infertility and fetal loss. Maternal natural antibody can react against father’s blood group antigens on spermatozoa. The effects of parental blood group system on infertility and fetal surveillance perceived by its manifestation in prezygotic (caused infertility) and ...

PROSTATECTOMY is an operation in which all surgeons, however skilled, sometimes have difficulty in controlling haemorrhage. As the operation is usually done in elderly men who cannot withstand severe haemorrhage, it is important to estimate the blood loss and to replace it; alternatively the anaesthetist can take steps to diminish the bleeding by lowering the blood pressure. Figures for the mea...

recurrent pregnancy loss is usually defined as the loss of two or more consecutive pregnancies before 20 weeks of gestation, which occurs in approximately 5% of reproductive-aged women. it has been suggested that women with thrombophilia have an increased risk of pregnancy loss and other adverse pregnancy outcomes. thrombophilia is an important predisposition to blood clot formation and is cons...

Background: Total knee arthroplasty (TKA) can cause excessive blood loss requiring allogenic transfusions.Tranexamic acid (TXA) has been increasingly used for lowering blood loss. The present study aimed to comparethe efficacy of intravenous (IV) and intra-articular (IA) administrations of TXA in TKA patients who receive aspirin aschemoprophylaxis and uses no drain post-operat...