A design algorithm is derived, for a calculating minimum allowable electrical clearances in alternating and direct current “permissible” equipments, which are authorized to operate in gassy mines and tunnels under Part 18 of Title 30, Code of Federal Regulations [1]. The calculated clearances apply to operations at altitudes ranging up to 12 000 ft (3658 m) above sea level. The minimum allowabl...

Evidence that people with disabilities, including those affected by leprosy, are disproportionately affected by poverty is well known, and evidence points to increased rates of poverty of households with members affected by leprosy. Data from Myanmar suggest that households with a leprosy-affected member have double the rates of household poverty than households with a member who is disabled fr...

Poverty is likely to deepen as the AIDS epidemic takes its course, with households being caught up in a vicious cycle of poverty and HIV/AIDS. This paper shows that affected households are poorer than non-affected households, regardless of whether income is measured at the household, per capita or adult equivalent level and regardless of the poverty line or poverty measure employed in measuring...

46 Finance & Development / September 1998 OVERTY is both more widespread and more persistent in the Philippines than in neighboring ASEAN (Association of South East Asian Nations) countries. While the poverty rate has decreased in the Philippines over the past 25 years, the decline has been slower than in other ASEAN countries. Some of the blame for the Philippines’ slow progress in reducing th...