background & aim: dracocephalum genus belongs to the lamiaceae family which has eight species in iran. dracocephalum kotschyi boiss is an important medicinal and aromatic plant that use in pharmaceutical industry. in addition, this species is used in iranian traditional medicine. the aim of current study was to examine the various growth regulations and explants on direct organogenesis of d...

Intestinal explants are a useful model for toxicological and pathological studies, but the maintenance of tissue viability for longer periods of incubation remains challenging. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of age on the viability of intestinal explants. Jejunal explants were obtained from 24and 42-day-old piglets. The explants were incubated for two or four hours and were th...

A system was developed to quantitate prolactin-dependent responses in porcine mammary tissue obtained from pregnant gilts. Metabolic responses to prolactin (Prl) and cortisol (C) in the presence of varying doses of insulin (I) were examined in mammary explants cultured on the surface of the medium or submerged in medium, under an atmosphere of humidified air. Explants suspended on grids at the ...

This study was designed to determine whether methyl-b-cyclodextrin (MCD) can substitute for albumin in incubation medium for neonatal swine adipose tissue explants, or whether MCD affects metabolism and cytokine expression. Subcutaneous adipose tissue explants (1006 10 mg) were prepared from 21-day-old pigs. Explants were incubated in medium 199 supplemented with 25 mM HEPES, 1.0 nM insulin at ...

Astragalus species are medicinal plants which produce valuable secondary metabolites, especially cycloartane-type glycosides. In this study, stem and leaf explants of Astragalus trojanus were subjected to different plant growth regulators, environmental conditions and media compositions to identify their callus responses. Stem and leaf explants were cultured in Murashige and Skoog (MS) and wood...

This study was designed to determine whether methyl-β-cyclodextrin (MCD) can substitute for albumin in incubation medium for neonatal swine adipose tissue explants, or whether MCD affects metabolism and cytokine expression. Subcutaneous adipose tissue explants (100 ± 10 mg) were prepared from 21-day-old pigs. Explants were incubated in medium 199 supplemented with 25 mM HEPES, 1.0 nM insulin at...

BACKGROUND Cardiac induction, the first step in heart development in vertebrate embryos, is thought to be initiated by anterior endoderm during gastrulation, but what the signals are and how they act is unknown. Several signaling pathways, including FGF, Nodal, BMP and Wnt have been implicated in cardiac specification, in both gain- and loss-of-function experiments. However, as these pathways r...