Continuity of isotone mappings and embeddings of a chain G into another chain are studied. Especially, conditions are found under which the set of points of discontinuity of such a mapping is dense in G.

Let $G$ be a molecular graph with vertex set $V(G)$, $d_G(u, v)$ the topological distance between vertices $u$ and $v$ in $G$. The Hosoya polynomial $H(G, x)$ of $G$ is a polynomial $sumlimits_{{u, v}subseteq V(G)}x^{d_G(u, v)}$ in variable $x$. In this paper, we obtain an explicit analytical expression for the expected value of the Hosoya polynomial of a random benzenoid chain with $n$ hexagon...

results responsiveness, effectiveness, and flexibility with eigenvalue of 2.628 were identified as the main aspects of agility in humanitarian health supply chains. the components of visibility, reactivity, and speed were identified as components of responsiveness. quality, reliability, and completeness were identified as components of effectiveness. volume, delivery, mix, and product were know...

background: the status of measles elimination is best summarized by evaluation of the effective reproduction number r; maintaining r < 1 is necessary and sufficient to achieve elimination. in the present article, we estimated reproduction number  for the measles data reported for the fars province of iran in 2001–03.   methods: we estimated by using sizes and durations of chains of measles tran...

This study considers pricing, production and transportation decisions in a Stackelberg game between three-stage, multi-product, multi-source and single-period supply chains called leader and follower. These chains consist of; manufacturers, distribution centers (DCs) and retailers. Competition type is horizontal and SC vs. SC. The retailers in two chains try to maximize their profit through pri...

background: elastomeric chains are commonly used in orthodontics. force decay in these materials poses clinical problems. the aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of three different mouthwashes on the force decay of orthodontic chains. materials and methods: in this experimental study, elastomeric chains with two different confi gurations were divided into eight groups (two control and...

In this paper we enumerate fuzzy subgroups, up to a natural equivalence, of some finite abelian p-groups of rank two where p is any prime number. After obtaining the number of maximal chains of subgroups, we count fuzzy subgroups using inductive arguments. The number of such fuzzy subgroups forms a polynomial in p with pleasing combinatorial coefficients. By exploiting the order, we label the s...

Receptor affinity and drug delivery to the receptor sites could be determinant factors for the increased bronchial responsiveness seen in asthma. Competitive antagonism blockade which is measured as dose ratio-l (DR-I) depends only on these two factors. Therefore, in this study we have examined histamine HI blockade by chlorpheniramine on isolated tracheal chains of asthmatic compared to co...