The circle is a useful morphological structure: in many situations, the importance is focused on the measuring of the similarity of a perfect circle against the object of interest. Traditionally, the well-known geometrical structures are employed as useful geometrical descriptors, but an adequate characterization and recognition are deeply affected by scenarios and physical limitations (such as...

Abstract The transition from a linear to circular economy is research trend topic, as well the possibility measure degree of circularity products and systems. In economy, raw materials are taken nature transformed into final products, which subsequently used become waste. On contrary, an economic model that restorative by intent design. To fundamental for understanding processes improving them....

Although, most of the abnormal structures of human brain do not alter the shape of outer envelope of brain (surface), some abnormalities can deform the surface extensively. However, this may be a major problem in a surface-based registration technique, since two nearly identical surfaces are required for surface fitting process. A type of verification known as the circularity check for th...

Complex data dependencies can often be expressed concisely by defining a variable in terms of part of its own value. Such a circular reference can be naturally expressed in a lazy functional language or in an attribute grammar. In this paper, we consider circular references in the context of an imperative C-like language, by extending the language with a new construct, persistent variables. We ...

Abstract The spread of the idea circular economy has already appeared among service providers; therefore, a growing interest in tourism can be observed. Due to its seasonal nature and because is primarily operated by for-profit actors, whose aspirations focus on economic benefits, recent years developed direction mass tourism. By overriding approach sustainability, all this strengthens damaging...

The current understanding is that longitudinal muscle contraction begins before and outlasts circular muscle contraction during esophageal peristalsis in normal subjects. The goal of our study was to reassess the relationship between the contractility of two muscle layers using novel ways to look at the muscle contraction. We studied normal subjects using synchronized high-frequency ultrasound ...

Understanding product circularity as “three-dimensional” could anchor the Circular Economy to common principles while affording its followers flexibility about how measure it in their specific sectors and disciplines within organization's means. Inspired by a heuristic developed for urban planning profession cope with inherent conflicts of Sustainable Development, this article argues that measu...

BACKGROUND The elucidation of the relationship between the morphology of the peripheral nerves and the diseases would be valuable in developing new medical treatments on the assumption that characteristics of the peripheral nerves in females are different from those in males. METHODS We used 13 kinds of the peripheral nerve. The materials were obtained from 10 Japanese female and male cadaver...

INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES To determine whether the reproducibility of left ventricular outflow tract (LVOT) area measurement is greater with three-dimensional echocardiographic (3D-echo) planimetry than with conventional 2D-echo. To determine the LVOT circularity index by means of 3D-echo. To determine the usefulness of measuring the LVOT area by 3D-echo for quantifying the severity of valvul...