Individual species respond to climate change by altering their abundance, distribution and phenology. Less is known, however, about how climate change affects multitrophic interactions, and its consequences for food-web dynamics. Here, we investigate the effect of future changes in rainfall patterns on detritivore-plant-herbivore interactions in a semiarid region in southern Spain by experiment...

Climate is complex ecological factor described by different climate elements and phenomena that effect development of vegetation and its natural distribution. Climate elements the most important for vegetation are air temperatures, amount of precipitations, air humidity and wind. The aim of this research was to determine trends and changes of climate elements in the region of Mediterranean Croa...

Climate variability poses a significant challenge for most of Africa, particularly given the continent‟s reliance on rain-fed agriculture. This uncertainty is aggravated by global climate change. We develop an integrated biophysical and dynamic economywide modeling framework that explicitly links uncertain future climate realizations to economic outcomes. Results for Zambia indicate that climat...

Amphibian species persisting in isolated streams and wetlands in desert environments can be susceptible to low connectivity, genetic isolation, and climate changes. We evaluated the past (1900-1930), recent (1981-2010), and future (2071-2100) climate suitability of the arid Great Basin (USA) for the Columbia spotted frog (Rana luteiventris) and assessed whether changes in surface water may affe...

Controls on the sensitivity of mountain snowpack accumulation to climate warming (lS) are investigated. This is accomplished using two idealized, physically based models of mountain snowfall to simulate snowpack accumulation for the Cascade Mountains under current and warmed climates. Both models are forced from sounding observations. The first model uses the linear theory (LT) model of orograp...

There is currently a great deal of discussion in various national and international fora about how to design global change research programmes (for an overview of part of the terrain see Price).’ American policy analysts often invoke the National Acid Precipitation Project (NAPAP) as a textbook example of how not to do policy relevant research (ses for example US Congress, Offlce of Technology ...

A holistic perspective on changing river flood risk in Europe is provided. Economic losses from floods have increased, principally driven by the expanding exposure of assets at risk. Climate change (i.e. observed increase in precipitation intensity, decrease of snowpack and other observed climate changes) might already have had an impact on floods. However, no gauge-based evidence had been foun...

Background Climate change is gaining importance as scientific and socio-economic studies have brought forth substantial evidences (American Meteorological Society 2012; Norris et al. 2008; Agrawal and Perrin 2008; Paavola 2008; IPCC 2014; UNFCCC 2007; Adger and Kelly 1999). The impact of climate change is more likely to have an adverse effect in the developing countries due to high dependency o...

Until recently, the scientific consensus has been that acid-rain-watershed interactions are those of processes which predominate in deep, well-drained mineral soil and the waters derived from them. In such watersheds alkaline minerals dissolve to naturally impart alkalinity to surface waters and normally acid components in rain would be neutralized. Furthermore, the sulfate of the sulfuric acid...