The current PASSAGE syntactic representation is the result of 9 years of constant evolution with the aim of providing a common ground for evaluating parsers of French whatever their type and supporting theory. In this paper we present the latest developments concerning the formalism and show first through a review of basic linguistic phenomena that it is a plausible minimal common ground for re...

This paper presents ZOMBILINGO, a Game With A Purpose (GWAP) that allows for the dependency syntax annotation of French corpora. The created resource is freely available on the game Web site. Mots-clés : jeux ayant un but, complexité, annotation, syntaxe en dépendances.

The lexicon has long been assumed to be the source of all conceptual content expressed by sentences. Syntactic structures have correspondingly been seen only as providing instructions for the assembly of the concepts expressed by words. Under this view, sentences have meaning, but the syntactic structures which sentences instantiate do not. This paper challenges this view: it uses the phenomeno...

This research is entitled “Psychological Implications in Poetic Images of the Collection of: A Linguistic Study”. study discusses types meaning. Generally, meaning categorized into two parts: semantic and pragmatic Besides, it also interpretations artistic phenomena psychological implications shows their implications. Meaning generally a multidisciplinary sophisticated concept; hence has been d...

ions have universal value, still requires the aid of instances, analogies and metaphors. The fewness of these abstractions saves the linguistic situation. If we employed, say, a hundred radically different types of connections (still a small number) the task of limiting the misunderstandings due to the variety in our references would have proved impossible. The fundamental connections being thu...

The world is too complex to manage without radical functional simplification. Meaning appears to exist as the basis for such simplification. The meaning that guides functional simplification may be usefully considered as consisting of three classes. The first class consists of meanings of the determinate world. These are meanings based in motivation, emotion, and personal and social identity. F...

Abstract Is conceptual engineering feasible? Answering that question requires a theory of semantic change, which is sometimes thought elusive. Fortunately, much known about change as it occurs in the wild. While usage chaotic and complex, changes word’s use can produce its meaning. There are several under-appreciated empirical constraints on how meanings stem from following observation: word fi...