This paper proposes a decision-tree backing-off technique for an HMM-based speech synthesis system. In the system, a decision-tree based context clustering technique is used for constructing parameter tying structures. In the context clustering, the MDL criterion has been used as a stopping criterion. In this paper, however, huge decision-trees are constructed without any stopping criterion. In...

In this paper, a new technique has been designed to capture the outline of 2D shapes using cubic B´ezier curves. The proposed technique avoids the traditional method of optimizing the global squared fitting error and emphasizes the local control of data points. A maximum error has been determined to preserve the absolute fitting error less than a criterion and it administers the process of curv...

OBJECTIVE To assess the validity of the International Classification of Disease (ICD) codes for identifying patients with dyslipidemia in electronic medical record (EMR) data. METHODS The EMRs of patients receiving primary care in St. John's, Newfoundland and Labrador (NL), Canada, were retrieved from the Canadian Primary Care Sentinel Surveillance Network database. International Classificati...

The one-point bend impact test has been used to investigate crack instability conditions for short loading times (as short as 2.5 p) in high strength steel. It was found that, in the range of loading rates investigated, no time-modified fracture criterion need be invoked. The resistance to crack extension may, however, increase significantly with crack growth due to the formation of even small ...

prerequisite for embrace of islam is acceptance of faith principles such as monotheism, prophecy, existence in the hereafter and in the shiite religion background, faith to two other principles, justice and pontificate. therefore, knowledge and certainty are criterion and imitative acceptance of these principles is not correct. for believer human, islam has determined practical programs that na...

Live-streaming e-commerce is the future development direction of retail industry. When retailers choose a live-streaming platform, they face test various risks such as insecure control capital flow, insufficient support public domain traffic, etc. Therefore, it necessary to evaluate platform help identify with lowest risk. Considering complexity platforms and ambiguity decision-makers thinking,...

every country actively and initiatively takes all kinds of policy steps to improve the international competitiveness of its industries and therefore improve national integrated competitiveness for the purpose of gaining economic benefits under the context of economic globalization. therefore, studies of moreover, projects launched by the cluster had to be endorsed by the growers and one criteri...

For clustering multivariate categorical data, a latent class model-based approach (LCC) with local independence is compared with a distance-based approach, namely partitioning around medoids (PAM). A comprehensive simulation study was evaluated by both a model-based as well as a distance-based criterion. LCC was better according to the model-based criterion and PAM was sometimes better accordin...