nowadays, sport is known as a great business in trade activities and has brought huge revenues for athletes; sport teams and other sport personalities whereas large part of this revenue emanates from intellectual property rights particularly different kinds of trademarks. regarding fundamental principles and legal approaches of leading systems, this paper attempts to clarify the eminent role of...

1. Impetus Inspiration is often the result of an interaction between the outside world and the composer's inner experience. It may be unexpected and ephemeral, but it can also be the result of a gradual growth, one that reveals itself progressively or by twists and turns. The source of inspiration may lie in sensory phenomena (looking at an object, a landscape, a work of art, hearing sound or m...

BACKGROUND Despite widespread implementation of compulsory treatment modalities for drug dependence, there has been no systematic evaluation of the scientific evidence on the effectiveness of compulsory drug treatment. METHODS We conducted a systematic review of studies assessing the outcomes of compulsory treatment. We conducted a search in duplicate of all relevant peer-reviewed scientific ...

Compulsory vaccination has contributed to the success of immunisation programmes in the USA and Australia, yet the benefits from compulsory vaccination are not universally recognised. Some people--experts and the public alike--believe that the benefits of compulsory vaccination are outweighed by the associated ethical problems. A review of vaccination legislation in the UK, Australia, and the U...

This paper details the grounds for compulsory treatment, compulsory admissions in an emergency department and compulsory out-patient treatment in Portugal. Portuguese mental health legislation has improved significantly over recent years, with enhanced safeguards, rapid and rigorous review and clear criteria for compulsory treatment, although much remains to be done, especially in relation to t...