in the real world there are groups which composed of independent units. the conventional data envelopment analysis(dea) model treats groups as units, ignoring the operation of individual units within each group.the current paper, investigates parallel system network approach proposed by kao and modifies it. as modied kao' model is more eligible to recognize ecient groups, a new ranking m...

background: despite some successful dynamic simulation of self-impact double pendulum (sidp)-as humanoid robots legs or arms- studies, there is limited information available about the control of one leg locomotion. objective   : the main goal of this research is to improve the reliability of the mammalians leg locomotion and building more elaborated models close to the natural movements, by mod...

yard crane is an important resource in container terminals. efficient utilization of the yard crane significantly improves the productivity and the profitability of the container terminal. this paper presents a mixed integer programming model for the yard crane scheduling problem with non- interference constraint that is nphard in nature. in other words, one of the most important constraints in...

zinc is the first modelling language which supports solver and technique independence. this means that a high level conceptual model can be automatically mapped into an appropriate low level design model for a specific solver or technique. to date, zinc uses three different techniques to solve a model: constraint programming (cp), local search (ls), and mixed integer programming (mip). in this ...

Train energy saving problem investigates how to control train's velocity such that the quantity of energy consumption is minimized and some system constraints are satis ed. On the assumption that the train's weights on different links are estimated by fuzzy variables when making the train scheduling strategy, we study the fuzzy train energy saving problem. First, we propose a fuzzy energy ...

Precise specification of meta-models is an important prerequisite for the successful application of a model-driven engineering (MDE) process. One means of precise specification are textual constraints. However, the task of constraint development is time-consuming and error-prone if done manually. In this paper, we present both a methodology and a tool for developing constraints in a systematic ...

Since the beginning of computer science, raising the abstraction level of software systems has been a continuous process. One of the latest steps in this direction has led to the usage of modelling languages in software development processes. Software models are abstract representations of software systems which are used to tackle the complexity of present-day software by enabling developers to...

This paper introduces a formal approach to the specification of constraint-aware model transformation which is suitable for language translation. The proposed approach extends graph transformations with the ability to specify and transform constraints by transformation rules. In particular, it uses non-deleting rules which are typed over the metamodel of a joined language which is constructed f...