The representative toadstool Amanita muscaria plays an important role in maintaining forest ecosystems by forming mutualistic associations with a variety of trees. A is also known for the poisonous properties its hallucinogenic constituents, namely, ibotenic acid, muscimol, and muscarin. Serious cases poisoning humans may involve deliria, hallucinations, seizures, (rarely) death. typical sympto...

The establishment of Linked Data principles has ushered in a remarkable new era of widespread semantics-based interoperation. In particular, the use of RDF, SPARQL and HTTP allow a high degree of generic tool support and lightweight composition of data sources. This rosy picture, however, mainly applies to static data. When it comes to dynamics both on-the-fly computation and the causation of s...

For an application-independent collaborative tool, a key step is to develop a detailed task model for a particular domain. This is a time consuming and difficult task, and seems to require a fairly advanced knowledge of AI representations for plans, goals, and recipes. This paper discusses some preliminary ideas for making it easier to construct and evolve task models, either through interactio...

Many task analysis techniques and methods have been developed over the past decades, but identifying and decomposing a user’s task into small task components remains a difficult, impractically time-consuming, and expensive process that involves extensive manual effort (Sheridan, 1997; Liu, 1997; Gramopadhye and Thaker, 1999; Annett and Stanton, 2000; Bridger, 2003; Stammers and Shephard, 2005; ...

this paper examines the theoretical rationales and practical aspects of task-based language teaching (tblt) with particular reference to research findings in efl/esl contexts. the definitional scope of the term ‘task’, polarizations in terms of task vs. non-task, and its relation to different language teaching approaches have engendered conceptual and methodological ambiguities.  moreover, fact...