The biomechanical role of the horseshoe geometry of the acetabular cartilage is described using a three-dimensional mathematical model. It is shown that the acetabular fossa contributes to a more uniform articular contact stress distribution and a consequent decrease in the peak contact stress. Based on the results it is suggested that the characteristic horseshoe shape of the articular cartila...

Contact inhibition of locomotion (CIL) is a multifaceted process that causes many cell types to repel each other upon collision. During development, this seemingly uncoordinated reaction is a critical driver of cellular dispersion within embryonic tissues. Here, we show that Drosophila hemocytes require a precisely orchestrated CIL response for their developmental dispersal. Hemocyte collision ...

Neutrophil capture and recruitment from the circulation requires the formation of specific receptor/ligand bonds under hydrodynamic forces. In the present study we examine bond formation between beta2-integrins on neutrophils and immobilized ICAM-1 while using micropipettes to control the force of contact between the cell and substrate. Magnesium was used to induce the high affinity conformatio...

A scenario for the yielding of granular matter is presented by considering the ensemble of force networks for a given contact network and applied shear stress tau. As tau is increased, the probability distribution of contact forces becomes highly anisotropic, the difference between average contact forces along minor and major axes grows, and the allowed networks span a shrinking subspace of all...

A solution is presented to a doubly mixed boundary value problem of the torsion of an elastic layer, partially resting on a rigid circular base by a circular rigid punch attached to its surface. This problem is reduced to a system of dual integral equations using the Boussinesq stress functions and the Hankel integral transforms. With the help of the Gegenbauer expansion formula of the Bessel f...

Optimization of the wire sawing process of silicon ingots requires a profound understanding of the dynamic interaction of wire, slurry and silicon material. In this paper, the influence of wire velocity and applied wire stress on the process is investigated using dissipative particle dynamics and discrete element simulations for modelling the fluid and the grains in the abrasive suspension. In ...