The practice of target pricing has been a key factor in the success of Japanese manufacturers. In the more commonly-known demand-side approach, the target price for the supplier equals the manufacturer’s market price less a percent margin for the manufacturer but no cost-improvement expenses are shared. In the supply-side approach, cost-improvement expenses are shared and the target price equal...

<p style='text-indent:20px;'>This paper describes the construction of a dual-channel electricity supply chain, with an generation enterprise as leader and retail follower, examining sustainability price decision-making, formulates coordination contract to improve chain performance. The main results are follows. Firstly, sensitivity contributes increased sustainability, price, demand, ente...

Abstract For small-scale electronic commerce supply chains, designing effective strategies to improve operational effectiveness, market share and long-term survival are essential aspects. However, researchers have given less attention in addressing these issues. This study proposes a dynamic cost-sharing contract for an e-tailer chain address the issues of asymmetric information, integration, i...

We discuss the relative merits of public and private ownership. Our starting point is the analysis of Hart, Schleifer and Vishney (HSV), who apply an incomplete contract framework to study the difference between private and public ownership. Our analysis departs from HSV’s model in two aspects. First, we allow for cost-sharing contracts between the government and the firm. Second, we assume tha...

A logistics service integrator (LSI) usually requires a provider (LSP) to carry out smart transformation in order improve the level of service. However, LSP’s faces uncertainty terms investments and income, which seriously hinders enthusiasm for innovation. In this paper, we construct supply chain (LSSC) consisting an LSI LSP explore incentive mechanism LSPs undergo transformation. As benchmark...

In this paper, we explore the issue of coordination in a manufacturer-retailer supply chain where the manufacturer is socially responsible and invests in CSR activities. On the other hand, the retailer invests in promotional efforts and uses a periodic review order-up-to policy for replenishing items. First, the decentralized decision-making structure is modeled to calculate the minimum accepta...

Considering that the demand for fresh agricultural products is affected by product freshness and price, a two-level supply chain decision model consisting of risk-neutral supplier risk-averse retailer constructed. In order to increase consumer products, will make appropriate efforts preserve products. The optimal fresh-keeping effort level pricing under centralized decision-making decentralized...

We give a formal treatment of optimal risk sharing contracts in the face of ambiguity. The ambiguity in a contract arises from clauses that are interpreted by the parties in di¤erent ways. The cost of ambiguity is represented in terms of perceived dispute costs. Taking the potential for dispute into account, we …nd that risk averse agents may forgo potential gains from risk sharing and choose i...

The outbreak of COVID-19 has significantly affected the development enterprises. In post-pandemic era, blockchain technology become one important technologies to help enterprises quickly gain market competitiveness. heavy investment required supply chain stakeholders employ hindered its adoption and application. To tackle this issue, study aims facilitate in a consisting core enterprise small/m...