it is necessary to consider the impact of demand uncertainty to model the comprehensive approach for supply chain network design. this paper presents four echelons, multiple commodity, and strategic–tactical model for designing supply chain network. uncertain demand, transportation mode selection with lead time configuration has been considered. a numerical example has been implemented to verif...

in today’s competitive business environment, the design and management of supply chainnetwork is one of the most important challenges that managers encounter. the supply chain network shouldbe designed for satisfying of customer demands as well as minizing the total system costs. this paper presentsa multi-period multi-stage supply chain network design problem under demand uncertainty. the prob...

pharmacy as the last unit in the pharmaceutical supply chain is responsible for supplying and dispensing medicines to the patients and giving required advices to them, based on their needs and physician’s prescriptions according to standard protocols of the country. beside this responsibility, which is primarily on drugstores, this unit is regarded as a small business unit and should have econo...

Nowadays, the healthcare sector is rapidly changing. Hospitals are facing limited budgets and high costs. The logistics activities of hospitals in France (stock management, delivery, etc.) represent one highest cost components. costs can be reduced through an optimized inventory management system. optimization strongly dependent on accuracy demand prediction medicines. Many factors influence th...

With the country’s policy support and rapid development of Internet technology, domestic consumption level has been escalating structure changed. The traditional retail industry cannot integrate all relevant data due to security privacy protection concerns so that it is unable adjust sales strategies in an accurate timely manner. New sounded clarion call for revolution. supply chain demand fore...